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References given in the Notes refer to the full titles in the Bibliography. Where an author has written more than one volume or article, the date following the author's name in the note indicates to which of the several works of this author reference is made.
1 P. 3.
2 White, i. 18.
3 Andersen, p. 127 (modified from Shortland, p. 12).
5 R. Taylor, p. 109.
6 For other versions see R. Taylor, p. 111; Cowan, p. 104.
7 Smith, 1913, p. 136.
8 Smith, 1913, p. 117.
9 White, i. 18, 27.
10 Smith, 1913, p. 117.
11 Shand, 1894, p. 121; id. 1895, p. 33.
12 Cf. Shand, 1895, p. 35.
13 Von den Steinen, pp. 506-07.
14 Fornander, i. 63.
15 Yet it may be noted that in Maori mythology Tangaroa is a deity in regard to whose origin there is much confusion, for he is described both as the son and the brother-in-law of Rangi (see Smith, 1913, p. 118) and as the son of Te-more-tu ("Ultimate Space") (see White, i. 24). This might indicate a belief in the priority of Tangaroa over Rangi.
16 Smith, 1913, pp. 110 ff.
18 Moerenhout, i. 419-23 (retranslated in Fornander, i. 221-73).
19 Ellis, i. 250.
20 Hongi, pp. 113 ff.
21 Gill, 1876, pp. 1 ff.
22 This is inferred from the brief abstracts of myths given by von den Steinen, whose abundant materials have not yet been published.
23 Bastian, 1881, pp. 69-121.
24 Bastian, 1881, p. 70.
25 Perhaps a trace of this sequence of life-forms may be seen in the Maori order of creation; see Smith, 1913, p. 136.
26 Fornander, i. 61 ff.
27 The more or less detailed creation-myth given by Fornander is not to be taken seriously, for it bears too many clear evidences of missionary teaching to have any value in this connexion.
28 Stuebel, p. 59; cf. von Bülow, 1899, pp. 60 ff.
29 Cf. Marquesas, supra, p. 10, and see also Christian, p. 187.
30 Turner, 1884, p. 4.
31 Stuebel, p. 60. For other similar versions see Krämer, 1906, p. 515; Turner, 1884, p. 6.
32 Mariner, passim; Reiter, pp. 236 ff.
33 Stuebel, pp. 59 ff. For other versions see Turner, 1861, pp. 244-45; id. 1884, pp. 7 ff.
34 Cf. the Heaven Father and Earth Mother theme in New Zealand.
35 Turner, 1884, p. 7.
36 Reiter, pp. 444 ff.
37 Bovis, p. 45.
38 Cf. the Maori "Io," and see Smith, 1913, pp. 110 ff.
39 Radiguet, pp. 228 ff.
40 Fraser, 1891, p. 264; also Krämer, 1906, p. 514.
41 Ellis, i. 251.
42 Fison, pp. 139 ff.
43 For discussion of this episode of the fishing up of the land see infra, p. 44.
44 Henry, pp. 51 ff.
45 Ellis, i. 100; cf. Society Group, Tyerman and Bennett, ii. 175.
46 Polack, i. 17. This author has, however, been regarded as unreliable, so that this statement must be accepted with caution.
47 For this type in Samoa see Turner, 1884, p. 7; Society Group, Ellis, i. 96, 249; Marquesas, Radiguet, p. 228; Cook Group, Williams, p. 81; Hawaii, Fornander, i. 62, 211.
48 Von den Steinen, p. 507.
49 White, i. 149, 155.
50 Another very brief version merely states that Tiki was the first man, and Ma-riko-riko ("Glimmer") the first woman, the latter being created by Arohi-rohi ("Mirage") from the warmth of the Sun and Echo; see White, i. 151.
51 White, i. 155
52 Fornander, i. 62.
53 Ellis, i. 96.
54 Shortland, p. 20.
55 White, i. 158.
56 For other variants see White, i. 133, 159, 162; Smith, 1913, p. 138.
57 Ellis, i. 98. Tii is said to be regarded as one with Taaroa, ib. p. 99; for still another version see ib. p. 97.
58 Radiguet, p. 229.
59 White, i. 21.
60 Gill, 1876, p. 16.
61 Garcia, pp. 5 ff.
62 Bastian, 1881, p. 73.
63 Cf. the Maori version supra, Note 50, where the first woman is formed from the warmth of the Sun and Echo.
64 Malo, p. 23.
65 Still another version gives the divine ancestors as Wakea (Atea, Vatea) and Papa (Malo, p. 23).
66 Ellis, i. 99; J. R. Forster, p. 551.
67 White, i. 154.
68 White, i. 152.
69 Turner, 1861, p. 744; for other versions see id. 1884, p. 7; Fraser, 1891, p. 274; Krämer, 1906, p. 514; Stuebel, p. 59; Smith, 18983 p. 153; Stair, 1896, p. 35.
70 Fison, p. 161.
71 Cook, ii. 239.
72 The episode of the origin of man from worms occurs also in New Guinea; see Haddon, 1904, p. 17.
73 Shand, 1894, p. 128.
74 Stuebel, pp. 75, 145, 151, 155; Abercromby, 1891, p. 460.
75 For the New Hebrides see Codrington, p. 406; for New Guinea (Kuni), see Egidi, 1913, p. 1002; (Jabim) Zahn, p. 373; (Kai) Keysser, p. 189; (Tami) Bamler, p. 540; New Britain, Meier, 1909, pp. 25, 205; Admiralty Islands, id. 1907, p. 651.
76 Smith, 1902, p. 203.
77 White, i. 144. Cf. for Borneo, Nieuwenhuis, ii. 113. An origin from a tree occurs very commonly in Indonesia, see infra, p. 168, and is also reported from New Guinea (Elema), Holmes, p. 126, and from Australia, see infra, p. 274.
78 Smith, 1913, p. 117.
79 The number of these is given as seventy; see Smith, 1913, p. lig.
80 Smith, 1913, p. 117.
81 Grey, pp. 117.
82 White, i. 46 ff.
83 For other Maori versions see White, i. 25, 26, 52, 138, 141, 161; also Best, p. 115; Wohlers, p. 7; Shortland, p. 20; Smith, 1913, p. 121.
84 Shand, 1894, p. 121.
85 Pakoti, p. 66.
86 For other versions see Gill, 1876, pp. 59, 71; Smith, 1899, p. 64. These, however, ascribe at least part of the task to Maui. See infra, pp. 50 ff.
87 Ellis, i. 100; Moerenhout, i. 446.
88 Bastian, 1894, p. 32; Fraser, 1891, p. 266; Turner, 1861, p. 245; cf. also Smith, 1903b, p. 98 (Nieue).
89 Turner, 1884, p. 283.
90 Malo, p. 36, note 5.
91 Efate, Macdonald, 1892, p. 731.
92 Mindanao (Manobo), Beyer, p. 89; (Bagobo) Benedict, p. 16; Luzon (Ifugao), Beyer, p. 105.
95 Cook Group, Smith, 1899, pp. 647-71; Gill, 1876, p. 59; Manihiki, ib. p. 71; Hawaii, Westervelt, 1910, p. 31; Nieue, Smith, 1903b, p. 98; Samoa, Pritchard, p. 14; Turner, 1861, p. 246.
96 White, i. 52. For other versions see ib. i. 25, 49, 138; and cf. also, for Hawaii, Fornander, i. 73.
97 White, i. 49; but cf. Smith, 1913, p. 137.
98 One account makes the sun the eye of Maui, and the moon that of his brother; see Polack, i. 16.
99 Ellis, i. 97, 250.
100 Bastian, 1894, p. 32.
101 Gill, 1876, p. 3.
102 Gill, 1876, p. 44; Fraser, 1891, p. 76.
103 This myth, apparently not recorded elsewhere in Polynesia, shows possible resemblances to one from Celebes, according to which the sun, moon, and stars were made from the body of a girl; see Graafland, i. 232.
104 Ellis, i. 98; J. R. Forster, p. 539; G. Forster, ii. 151.
105 Fornander, i. 62, 73.
106 Ellis, i. 97; cf., for Nauru, Hambruch, p. 382.
107 Stuebel, p. 59.
108 Von den Steinen, p. 505.
109 Turner, 1884, p. 6.
110 New Hebrides, Codrington, p. 370; Macdonald, 1898, p. 760; New Guinea, Seligmann, p. 402; Ker, p. 26; New Britain, Rascher, p. 230; Bley, p. 198, 200; Meier, 1909, p. 109.
111 For other versions see White, i. 25, 26, 52, 145.
112 White, i. 138, 143; Wohlers, p. 7.
113 Borneo, St John, i. 213; W. Chalmers (see H. L. Roth, 1896, 307).
114 Carolines, Walleser, p. 609.
116 White, i. 55.
117 White, i. 114.
118 Grey, p. 61.
119 Thrum, p. 37; cf. Malo, p. 310.
120 Fornander, i. 89; cf. also Moerenhout, i. 571.
121 Gill, 1888, p. 80.
122 A somewhat similar tale is found in Nias; see infra, p. 181.
123 Von Bülow, 1895, p. 139.
124 Von Bülow, 1898, p. 81.
125 White, i. 166, 172.
126 Fornander, i. 90.
127 Fornander, i. 91.