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Extraterrestrial Biological Entities


  
  
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 Things to beware of in 1997:
 
 Chernobyl.  (And not just the one which already blew.)
 
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 -> FILENAME: EBE.DOC
 
 Message #799 - INFO.PARANET
    Date : 25-Jan-91 14:00
    From : Michael Corbin
      To : All
 Subject : EBE #1
 Recently, Jerry Clark published the first of three volumes titled "UFOs in the
 1980s," an invaluable research tool containing a host of information on the
 who, where and what of UFOlogy. With his kind permission and the kind
 permission of Apogee Publishing Company, we are reprinting an article taken
 from that book -- Extraterrestrial Biological Entity.  In this article, Jerry
 culls all of the past history and controversy surrounding the MJ-12 controversy
 and other related material that has spewed forth from the extreme side of
 UFOlogy representing the ETH such as Lear, Cooper and others. Although this
 might be considered by some to be "old news," Jerry's chronology of events shed
 a different light on the players that have made up this compendium of scenarios
 -- aliens eating humans, genetic experimentation and the gamut of
 sensationalistic information that drove Paul Bennewitz to an NBD at the kind
 hands of admitted-disinformant, William L. Moore.
 
 This article is being presented here in its entirety contained in 18 messages
 including this one.  The entire body of these messages are copyrighted (C) 1990
 by Apogee Books with license to ParaNet(sm) Information Service for
 reproduction on this forum.  No further reposting or copying is allowed without
 express written permission of the publisher.
 
 This file was provided by ParaNet(sm) Information Service and its network of
 international affiliates. ParaNet has received exclusive permission to reprint
 this article by the copyright holder.
 ============================================================ For further
 information on ParaNet(sm), contact: Michael Corbin ParaNet Information Service
 P.O. Box 928 Wheatridge, CO  80034-0928
 ============================================================ UFOs in the 1980s
 (C) 1990 by Apogee Books and Jerome Clark Pages 85 - 109
 ============================================================ EXTRATERRESTRIAL
 BIOLOGICAL ENTITIES
 
  Perhaps the strangest and most convoluted UFO story of the 1980s concerns
 allegations  from  various  sources,  some   of   them individuals  connected
 with military and  intelligence  agencies, that  the U.S. government not only
 has communicated with but  has an  ongoing  relationship  with  what  are
 known  officially  as "extraterrestrial biological entities," or EBEs.
 
 The Emenegger/Sandler Saga: The story begins in 1973, when Robert Emenegger
 and  Alan  Sandler,  two  well-connected  Los  Angeles businessmen, were
 invited to Norton Air Force Base in  California to  discuss  a  possible
 documentary film  on  advanced  research projects. Two military officials, one
 the base's head of the  Air Force  Office  of Special Investigations, the
 other,  the  audio- visual director Paul Shartle, discussed a number of
 projects. One of them involved UFOs. This one sounded the most interesting  and
 plans were launched to go ahead with a film on the subject.
 
  Emenegger and Sandler were told of a film taken at Holloman AFB, New  Mexico,
 in  May  1971.  In  October  1988,  in  a  national television broadcast,
 Shartle would declare that he had seen  the 16mm  film  showing "three
 disc-shaped craft. One  of  the  craft landed  and two of them went away." A
 door opened on  the  landed vehicle and three beings emerged. Shartle said,
 "They were human- size.  They  had an odd, gray complexion and a  pronounced
 nose. They  wore tightfitting jump suits, [and] thin  headdresses  that
 appeared  to  be communication devices, and in their  hands  they held  a
 'translator.' A Holloman base commander  and  other  Air Force officers went
 out to meet them" (Howe, 1989).
 
  Emenegger was led to believe he would be given the film for  use in  his
 documentary. He was even taken to Norton and  shown  the landing  site  and the
 building in which the spaceship  had  been stored  and  others (Buildings 383
 and 1382)  in  which  meetings between  Air  Force personnel and the aliens had
  been  conducted over the next several days. According to his sources, the
 landing had  taken place at 6 a.m. The extraterrestrials  were  "doctors,
 professional  types." Their eyes had vertical slits like a  cat's and their
 mouths were thin and slitlike, with no chins." All that Emenegger was told of
 what occurred in the meetings was a  single stray "fact": that the military
 people said they were  monitoring signals from an alien group with which they
 were unfamiliar,  and did their ET guests know anything about them? The ETs
 said no.
 
  Emenegger's military sources said he would be given 3200 feet of film  taken
 of  the  landing.  At  the  last  minute,   however, permission  was
 withdrawn, although Emenegger and  Sandler  were encouraged   to  describe  the
  Holloman  episode  as   something hypothetical, something that could happen or
 might happen in  the future.  Emenegger  went to Wright-Patterson AFB,  where
 Project Blue Book had been located until its closing in 1969, to ask Col.
 George  Weinbrenner  one  of  his  military  contacts,  what  had happened.
 According  to Emenegger's account, the  exchange  took place in Weinbrenner's
 office. The colonel stood up, walked to  a chalkboard  and  complained in a
 loud voice, "That damn  MIG  25! Here  we're  so public with everything we
 have. But  the  Soviets have  all  kinds of things we don't know about. We need
  to  know more about the MIG 25!" Moving to a bookshelf and continuing  his
 monologue  about the Russian jet fighter, he handed  Emenegger  a copy  of  J.
 Allen Hynek's The UFO Experience  (1972),  with  the author's signature and
 dedication to Weinbrenner. "It was like  a scene from a Kafka play," Emenegger
 would recall , inferring from the colonel's odd behavior that he was confirming
 the reality  of the   film  while  making  sure  that  no  one  overhearing
 the conversation realized that was what he was doing.
 
 The  Suffern Story: On October 7, 1975, a 27-year old  carpenter, Robert
 Suffern,  of Bracebridge, Ontario, got a  call  from  his sister who had seen a
 "fiery glow" near his barn and concluded it was  on  fire. Suffern drove to the
 spot and,  after  determining that there was no problem, got back on the road.
 There, he  would testify, he encountered a large disc-shaped object resting in
 his path. "I was scared," he said. "It was right there in front of me with  no
 lights and no sign of life." But even  before  his  car could  come to a
 complete stop, the object abruptly ascended  out of sight. Suffern turned his
 car around and decided to head  home rather  than  to  his  sister's  place,
 his  original   intended destination. At that point a small figure wearing a
 helmet and  a silver-gray suit stepped in front of the car, causing Suffern  to
 hit  the brakes and skid to a stop. The figure ran into a  field. Then,
 according to Suffern, "when he got to the fence, he put his hands  on a post
 and went over it with no effort at all.  It  was like he was weightless"
 (UFOIL, n.d.).
 
  Within  two days Suffern's report was on the wire services,  and Suffern
 was besieged  by  UFO   investigators,   journalists, curiosity-seekers, and
 others. Suffern, who made no  effort  to exploit his story and gave every
 appearance of believing what  he was  saying, soon tired of discussing it. A
 year later,  however, Suffern  and his wife told a Canadian investigator that
 a  month after  the encounter, they were informed that  some  high-ranking
 officials  wished to speak with them. Around this time,  so  they claimed,
 they  were  given  thorough  examinations  by  military doctors. After that an
 appointment was set up for December 12 and on  that  day an Ontario Provincial
 Police cruiser  arrived  with three  military officers, one Canadian, two
 American.  They  were carrying books and other documents. In the long
 conversation that followed,  the officers apologized for the UFO landing,
 claiming it   was  a  "mistake"  caused  by  the  malfunctioning   of   an
 extraterrestrial spaceship.
 
  The  officers produced close-up pictures of UFOs, claiming  that the  U.S. and
 Canadian governments had had intimate knowledge  of aliens  since 1943 and were
 cooperating with them.  The  officers even  knew  the  exact  dates  and  times
  of  two  previous  but unreported  UFO sightings on the Suffern property.  The
  Sufferns said  the  officers had answered all their  questions  fully  and
 frankly,  but  they would not elaborate on what they  were  told. Reinterviewed
  about  the matter some months  later,  the  couple stuck by their story but
 added few further details.
 
  The  investigator, Harry Tokarz, would remark,  "Robert  Suffern strikes one
 as an individual who carefully measures his thoughts. His  sincerity  comes
 through clearly as he  slowly  relates  his concepts and ideas. His wife, a
 home-bred country girl, is  quick to air her views and state unequivocally what
 she believes to  be fact" (CUFORN, 1983).
 
 EBEs in South Dakota: On February 9, 1978, a curious document--an apparent
 carbon  copy  of an official U.S.  Air  Force  incident report-arrived at the
 office of the National Enquirer in Lantana, Florida.  Accompanying the document
 was an unsigned letter  dated "29  Jan." It read: "The incident stated in the
 attached  report actually  occurred.  The Air Force appointed a  special  team
 of individuals  to  investigate  the incident. I was  one  of  those
 individuals.  I am still on active duty and so I cannot state  my name at this
 time. It is not that I do not trust the Enquirer  (I sure [sic] you would treat
 my name with [sic] confidence but I do not trust others.) The incident which
 occurred on 16 Nov. 77, was classified top secret on 2 Dec 77. At that time I
 obtained a copy of the original report. I thought at that time that the Air
 Force would  probably  hush the whole thing up, and they did.  The  Air Force
 ordered the silence on 1 Dec 77, after which,  the  report was  classified.
 There were 16 pictures taken at the scene. I  do not have access to the
 pictures at this time" (Pratt, 1984).
 
  The report, stamped FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY, purported to be  from the commander
 of the 44th Missile Security Squadron at  Ellsworth AFB near Rapid City, South
 Dakota. The incident was described  as a  "Helping  Hand (security
 violation)/Covered  Wagon  (security violation) at Lima 9 (68th SMSq Area), 7
 miles SW of Nisland, SD, at  2100  hours on 16 Nov. 77." The recipient of the
 report  was identified  as "Paul D. Hinzman, SSgt, USAF,  Comm/Plotter,  Wing
 Security  Control."  Two security men, Airmen 1st  Class  Kenneth Jenkins  and
 Wayne  E.  Raeke,  experienced  and  reported   the incident,  which  was
 investigated by Capt. Larry D.  Stokes  and TSgt. Robert E. Stewart.
 
  The  document told an incredible story. At 10:59 on the  evening of November
 16 an alarm sounded from the Lima Nine missile  site. Jenkins  and Raeke, at
 tHe Lima Launch Control Facility 35  miles away,  were dispatched to the scene.
 On their arrival  Raeke  set out  to  check the rear fence line. There he
 spotted  a  helmeted figure  in  a glowing green metallic suit. The figure
 pointed  a weapon  at Raeke's rifle and caused it to  disintegrate,  burning
 Raeke's  hands and arms in the process. Raeke  summoned  Jenkins, who  carried
 his  companion back to their  Security  Alert  Team vehicle.  When  Jenkins
 went to the rear fence line, he  saw  two similarly-garbed figures. He ordered
 them to halt, but when  they ignored  his command, he opened fire. His bullets
 struck  one  in the shoulder and the other in the helmet. The figures ran over
 a hill and were briefly lost to view. Jenkins pursued them and when he  next
 saw  them, they  were  entering  a  20-foot-in-diameter saucer-shaped object,
 which shot away over the Horizon.
 
  As  Raeke  was  air-evacuated  from  the  scene,   investigators discovered
 that the missile's nuclear components had been stolen.
 
  Enquirer  reporters suspected a hoax but when they called  Rapid City and
 Ellsworth to check on the names, they were surprised  to learn  that such
 persons did exist. Moreover, all were on  active duty.  The  Enquirer launched
 an investigation,  sending  several reporters  to  Rapid City. Over the course
 of the next  few  days they found that although the individuals were real, the
 document inaccurately  listed  their  job titles,  the  geography  of  the
 alleged  incident was wrong (there was no nearby hill over  which intruders
 could have run), Raeke had suffered no injuries, he and Jenkins did not even
 know each other, and no one (including Rapid City  civilian  residents and area
 ranchers) had  heard  anything about  such  an encounter. As one of the
 reporters,  Bob  Pratt, wrote   in  a  subsequent  account,  "We  found  more
 than   20 discrepancies  or  errors in the report  -wrong  names,  numbers,
 occupations, physical layouts and so on. Had the Security  Option alert
 mentioned in the report taken place, it would have involved all  security
 personnel at the base and everyone at the base  and in  Rapid  City (Population
 45,000 plus) would have  known  about it."
 
 The  Bennewitz  Affair:  In the late  1970s  Paul  Bennewitz,  an Albuquerque
 businessman trained as a physicist, became  convinced that   he   was
 monitoring   electromagnetic   signals    which extraterrestrials   were  using
  to  control  persons  they   had abducted. Bennewitz tried to decode these
 signals and believed he was succeeding. At the same time he began to see what
 he  thought were UFOs maneuvering around the Manzano Nuclear Weapons  Storage
 Facility  and the Coyote Canyon test area, located near  Kirtland AFB, and he
 filmed them.
 
  Bennewitz reported all this to the Tucson-based Aerial Phenomena Research
 Organization (APRO), whose directors were  unimpressed, judging  Bennewitz  to
 be deluded. But at  Kirtland,  Bennewitz's claims,  or  at  least  some  of
 them,  were  being  taken  more seriously.  On  October 24, 1980, Bennewitz
 contacted  Air  Force Office of Special Investigations (AFOSI) agent Sgt.
 Richard  Doty (whose  previous tour of duty had been at Ellsworth) after  being
 referred  to him by Maj. Ernest Edwards, head of  base  security, and  related
 that  he had evidence  that  something  potentially threatening  was going on
 in the Manzano Weapons Storage Area.  A "Multipurpose  Internal OSI Form,"
 signed by Maj. Thomas A.  Cseh (Commander  of the Base Investigative
 Detachment), dated  October 28,  1980,  and  subsequently  released  under  the
  Freedom   of Information Act, states:
 
  "On  26 Oct 80, SA [Special Agent] Doty, with the assistance  of JERRY MILLER,
 GS-15, Chief, Scientific Advisor for Air Force Test and  Evaluation Center,
 KAFB , interviewed Dr. BENNEWITZ  at  his home in the Four Hills section of
 Albuquerque, which is  adjacent to  the  northern boundary of Manzano Base.
 (NOTE:  MILLER  is  a former  Project Blue Book USAF Investigator who was
 assigned  to Wright-Patterson  AFB (W-PAFB), OH, with FTD [Foreign  Technology
 Division].  Mr.  MILLER  is one of  the  most  knowledgeable  and impartial
 investigators of Aerial Objects in the southwest.)  Dr. BENNEWITZ  has been
 conducting independent research  into  Aerial Phenomena  for  the last 15
 months. Dr. BENNEWITZ  also  produced several  electronic  recording  tapes,
 allegedly  showing   high periods of electrical magnetism being emitted from
 Manzano/Coyote Canyon  area. Dr. BENNEWITZ also produced several photographs
 of flying  objects taken over the general Albuquerque area.  He  has several
 pieces of electronic surveillance equipment  pointed  at Manzano  and  is
 attempting to record high  frequency  electrical beam  pulses. Dr. BENNEWITZ
 claims these Aerial  Objects  produce these  pulses.  . . . After analyzing the
 data collected  by  Dr. BENNEWITZ, Mr MILLER related the evidence clearly shows
 that some type of unidentified aerial objects were caught on film; however, no
 conclusions could be made whether these objects pose a  threat to
 Manzano/Coyote Canyon areas. Mr MILLER felt the  electronical [sic]  recording
 tapes  were inconclusive and  could  have  been gathered  from several
 conventional sources. No sightings,  other than these, have been reported in
 the area."
 
  On November 10 Bennewitz was invited to the base to present  his findings to a
 small group of officers and scientists. Exactly one week later Doty informed
 Bennewitz that AFOSI had decided against further  consideration of the matter.
 Subsequently Doty  reported receiving a call from then-New Mexico Sen. Harrison
 Schmitt,  who wanted  to know what AFOSI was planning to do  about  Bennewitz's
 allegations.  When  informed that no investigation  was  planned, Schmitt spoke
 with Brig. Gen. William Brooksher of base security. The  following  July New
 Mexico's other senator,  Pete  Domenici, looked into the matter, meeting
 briefly with Doty before  dashing off to talk with Bennewitz personally.
 Domenici subsequently lost interest and dropped the issue.
 
  Bennewitz  was also aware of supposed cattle  mutilations  being reported  in
 the western United States. At one point  he  met  a young mother who told him
 that one evening in May 1980, after she and  her  six-year-old son saw several
 UFOs in a  field  and  one approached them, they suffered confusion and
 disorientation, then a period of amnesia which lasted as long as four hours.
 Bennewitz brought  the  two to University of Wyoming  psychologist  R.  Leo
 Sprinkle, who hypnotized them and got a detailed abduction  story from  the
 mother and a sketchy one from the little boy. Early  in the  course  of the
 abduction they observed aliens  take  a  calf aboard the UFO and mutilate it
 while it was still alive, removing the   animal's  genitals.  At  one  point
 during   the   alleged experience,  the  mother said, they were taken via  UFO
 into  an underground  area  which  she believed was  in  New  Mexico.  She
 briefly  escaped  her captors and fled into an area  where  there were  tanks
 of water. She looked into one of them and  saw  body parts  such  as tongues,
 hearts and internal  organs,  apparently from  cattle.  But  she also observed
 a human  arm  with  a  hand attached.  There  was also the "top of a bald
 head,"  apparently from  one of the hairless aliens, but before she could  find
  out for  sure,  she was dragged away. The objects in  the  tank,  she said,
 "horrified me and made me sick and frightened me to  death" (Howe, 1989). Later
 she wondered about the other tanks and  about their contents.
 
 The William Moore/MJ-12 Maze: Late in the summer of 1979  William L.  Moore
 had left a teaching job in a small Minnesota  town  to relocate  in Arizona,
 where he hoped to pursue a writing  career. Moore was deeply involved in the
 investigation of an apparent UFO crash  in New Mexico in July 1947, a case he
 and Charles  Berlitz would  recount in their The Roswell Incident the following
  year. After  his move to the Southwest Moore became close to Coral  and James
 Lorenzen  of the Aerial  Phenomena  Research  Organization (APRO) and in due
 course Moore was asked to join the APRO  board. The  Lorenzens told him about
 Bennewitz's claims. Bennewitz,  Jim Lorenzen thought, was "prone to make great
 leaps of logic on  the basis of incomplete data" (Moore, 1989a).
 
  The Roswell Incident was published in the summer of 1980 and  in September  a
 debate on UFOs at the Smithsonian  Institution  was scheduled  to take place.
 Moore set off from his Arizona home  to Washington, D.C., to attend the debate
 and along the way promoted his  new  book  on radio and television shows.
 According  to  an account he would give seven years later, an extraordinary
 series of events began while he was on this trip.
 
  He had done a radio show in Omaha and was in the station  lobby, suitcase in
 hand, on his way to catch a plane which was to  leave within the hour when a
 receptionist asked if he was Mr. Moore. He had  a  phone  call. The caller was
 a man who  claimed  to  be  a colonel at nearby Offutt AFB, He said, "We think
 you're the  only one  we've heard who seems to know what he's talking  about."
 He asked  if  he and Moore could meet and discuss  matters  further. Moore
 said  that  since  he was leaving town  in  the  next  few minutes,  that
 would not be possible, though he wrote  down  the man's phone number.
 
  Moore went on to Washington. On September 8, on his way back, he did a radio
 show in Albuquerque. On the way out of the studio the receptionist  told  him
 he had a phone  call.  The  caller,  who identified  himself  as an individual
 from nearby  Kirtland  AFB, said,  "We think you're the only one we've heard
 about who  seems to know what he's talking about." Moore said, "Where have I
 heard that before?"
 
  Soon afterwards Moore and the individual he would call  "Falcon" met  at a
 local restaurant. Falcon, later alleged (though  denied by  Moore) to be U.S.
 Air Force Sgt. Richard Doty, said he  would be  wearing a red tie. This first
 meeting would initiate a  long- running  relationship  between  Moore (and,
 beginning  in  1982, partner Jaime Shandera) and 10 members of a shadowy group
 said to be connected with military intelligence and to be opposed to  the
 continuation  of  the UFO cover-up. The story that  emerged  from this
 interaction goes like this:
 
  The  first  UFO crash, involving bodies of  small,  gray-skinned humanoids,
 occurred  near  Corona,  New  Mexico,  in  1947  (the "Roswell  incident"). Two
 years later a humanoid was found  alive and  it  was housed at Los Alamos until
 its death  in  the  early 1950s.  It  was called EBE,  after  "extraterrestrial
  biological entity," and it was the first of three the U.S. government  would
 have  in its custody between then and now. An Air Force  captain, now  a
 retired colonel, was EBE-1's constant companion. At  first communication with
 it was almost impossible; then a speech device which enabled the being to speak
 a sort of English was  implanted in  its  throat. It turned out that EBE-1, the
  equivalent  of  a mechanic  on a spaceship, related what it knew of the nature
  and purpose of the visitation.
 
  In  response  to the Roswell incident, MJ-12-the MJ  stands  for
 "Majestic"--as  set  up  by executive order  of  President  Harry Truman  on
 September 24, 1947. MJ-12 operates as a  policy-making body.  Project  Aquarius
 is an umbrella group in  which  all  the various compartments dealing with
 ET-related issues perform their various    functions.   Project   Sigma
 conducts    electronic communication  with  the extraterrestrials, part  of  an
  ongoing contact  project run through the National Security  Agency  since
 1964,  following a landing at Holloman AFB in late April of  that year.
 
  Nine extraterrestrial races are visiting the earth. One of these races,
 little  gray-skinned  people  from  the   third   planet surrounding  Zeta
 Reticuli, have been here for 25,000  years  and influenced  the direction of
 human evolution. They also  help  in the shaping of our religious beliefs. Some
 important  individuals within the cover-up want it to end and are preparing the
 American people for the reality of the alien presence through the  vehicle of
 popular entertainment, including the films Close Encounters of the Third Kind,
 whose climax is a thinly-disguised version of the Holloman landing, and ET.
 
  At CIA headquarters in Langley, Virginia, there is a thick  book called  "The
 Bible," a compilation of all  the  various  project reports.
 
  According  to his own account, which he would not  relate  until 1989,   Moore
  cooperated  with  his   AFOSI   sources-including, prominently,  Richard
 Doty-and provided them  with  information. They  informed  him  that  there
 was  considerable  interest  in Bennewitz.  Moore was made to understand that
 as his part of  the bargain  he was to spy on Bennewitz and also on APRO as
 well  as, in Moore's words, "to a lesser extent, several other individuals"
 (Moore, 1989a). He learned that several government agencies  were interested in
 Bennewitz's activities and they wanted to  inundate him   with  false
 information-disinformation,  in   intelligence parlance-to  confuse  him.
 Moore says he was not  one  of  those providing  the disinformation, but he
 knew some of those  of  who were, such as Doty.
 
  Bennewitz  on  his own had already begun to  devise  a  paranoid
 interpretation of what he thought he was seeing and hearing,  and the
 disinformation passed on to him built on that foundation. His sources  told him
 that the U.S. government and malevolent  aliens are in an uneasy alliance to
 control the planet, that the  aliens are  killing  and mutilating not only
 cattle  but  human  beings, whose organs they need to lengthen their lives, and
 that they are even  eating  human  flesh. In underground  bases  at  government
 installations in Nevada and New Mexico human and alien scientists work
 together on ghastly experiments, including the creation  of soulless androids
 out of human and animal body parts. Aliens  are abducting  as many as one
 American in 40 and  implanting  devices which control human behavior. ClA
 brainwashing and other  control techniques  are  doing  the same, turning life
 on  earth  into  a nightmare  of  violence  and  irrationality.  It  was,  as
 Moore remarks,  "the  wildest  science fiction  scenario  anyone  could
 possibly imagine."
 
  But Bennewitz believed it. He grew ever more obsessed and  tried to  alert
 prominent  persons to  the  imminent  threat,  showing photographs  which  he
 held showed human-alien  activity  in  the Kirtland area but which
 dispassionate observers thought  depicted natural  rock formations and other
 mundane phenomena.  Eventually Bennewitz  was  hospitalized,  but on  his
 release  resumed  his activities,  which  continue  to  this  day.  Soon  the
 ghoulish scenario  would spread into the larger UFO community  and  beyond and
 command  a small but committed band of believers.  But  that would  not  happen
  until  the late 1980s and  it  would  not  be Bennewitz who would be
 responsible for it.
 
  In 1981 the Lorenzens received an anonymous letter from  someone identifying
 himself  as a "USAF Airman assigned  to  the  1550th Aircrew Training and
 Testing Wing at Kirtland AFB." The  "airman" said,  "On July 16, 1980, at
 between 10:30-10:45 A.M.,  Craig  R. Weitzel.  ..  a  Civil Air Patrol Cadet
 from  Dobbins  AFB,  Ga., visiting  Kirtland AFB, NM, observed a dull metallic
 colored  UFO flying  from  South to North near Pecos New Mexico. Pecos  has  a
 secret training site for the 1550th Aircrew Training and  Testing Wing,
 Kirtland AFB, NM. WEITZEL was with ten other  individuals, including  USAF
 active  duty  airmen,  and  all  witnessed   the sighting. WEITZEL took some
 pictures of the object. WEITZEL  went closer  to  the  UFO  and observed the
 UFO  land  in  a  clearing approximately 250 yds, NNW of the training area.
 WEITZEL observed an  individual  dressed in a metallic suit depart the  craft
 and walk  a few feet away. The individual was outside the  craft  for just  a
 few minutes. When the individual returned the craft  took off  towards  the
 NW." The letter writer said he  had  been  with Weitzel when the UFO flew
 overhead, but he had not been with  him to observe the landing.
 
  The  letter went on to say that late on the evening of the  next day  a tall,
 dark-featured, black-suited man  wearing  sunglasses called  on Weitzel at
 Kirtland. The stranger claimed to  be  "Mr. Huck" from Sandia Laboratories, a
 classified Department of Energy contractor  on  the  base.  Mr. Huck told
 Weitzel  he  had  seen something  he  should not have seen, a secret aircraft
 from  Los Alamos,  and he demanded all of the photographs. Weitzel  replied
 that  he  hadn't taken any, that the photographer was  an  airman whose name he
 did not know. "The individual warned Weitzel not to mention  the  sighting to
 anyone or Weitzel would be  in  serious trouble,"  the  writer  went  on.
 "After  the  individual   left Weitzel[']s room, Weitzel wondered how the
 individual knew of the sighting  because Weitzel didn't report the sighting  to
  anyone. Weitzel became scared after thinking of the threat the individual
 made.  Weitzel  call [sic] the Kirtland AFB Security  Police  and reported the
 incident to them. They referred the incident to  the Air  Force  Office  of
 Special  Investigations  (AFOSI),   which investigates  these matters according
 to the security  police.  A Mr. Dody [sic], a special agent with OSI, spoke
 with Weitzel  and took  a report. Mr. Dody [sic] also obtained all the
 photographs of  the  UFO.  Dody [sic] told Weitzel he  would  look  into  the
 matter. That was the last anyone heard of the incident."
 
  But that was not all the correspondent had to say. He added,  "I have  every
 reason  to beleive [sic] the  USAF  is  covering  up something.  I spent a lot
 of time looking into this matter and  I know  there  is more to it than the
 USAF will say. I  have  heard rumors,  but serious rumors here at Kirtland that
 the USAF has  a crashed UFO stored in the Manzano Storage area, which is
 located in a remote area of Kirtland AFB. This area is heavily guarded by USAF
 Security. I have spoke [sic] with two employees  of  Sandia Laboratories,  who
 also store classified objects in Manzano,  and they  told me that Sandia has
 examined several UFO's  during  the last 20 years. One that crashed near
 Roswell NM in the late  50's was  examined  by Sandia scientists. That craft
 is  still  being store [sic] in Manzano.
 
  "I have reason to beleive [sic] OSI is conducting a very  secret investigation
 into UFO sightings. OSI took over when Project Blue Book  was  closed.  I was
 told this by my  commander,  COL  Bruce Purvine.  COL Purvine also told me that
 the investigation was  so secret that most employees of OSI doesn't [sic] even
 know it. But COL  Purvine told me that Kirtland AFB, AFOSI District 17  has  a
 special secret detachment that investigates sightings around this area.  They
 have also investigated the cattle mutilations in  New Mexico."
 
  In  1985 investigator Benton Jamison located Craig Weitzel,  who confirmed
 that he had indeed seen a UFO in 1980 and reported  it to  Sgt.  Doty. But his
 sighting, while interesting,  was  rather less dramatic than the CE3 reported
 in the letter; Weitzel saw  a silver-colored object some 10,000 to 15,000 feet
 overhead.  After maneuvering  for a few minutes, he told Jamison, it
 "accelerated like you never saw anything accelerate before" (Hastings,  1985).
 He also said he knew nothing of a meeting with anyone  identified as "Mr.
 Huck."
 
  In  December  1982,  in response to  a  Freedom  of  Information request  from
  Barry Greenwood of Citizens  Against  UFO  Secrecy (CAUS),  Air  Force Office
 of Special Investigations  released  a two  page  OSI Complaint Form stamped
 "For  Official  Use  Only." Dated September 8, 1980, it was titled "Kirtland
 AFB, NM, 8 Aug-3 Sept  80,  Alleged  Sightings of Unidentified  Aerial  Lights
 in Restricted Test Range." The document described several  sightings of UFOs in
 the Manzano Weapons Storage Area, at the Coyote Canyon section  of the
 Department of Defense Restricted Test Range.  One of the reports cited was a
 New Mexico State Patrolman's August 10 observation  of a UFO landing. (A later
 check with  state  police sources  by Larry Fawcett, a Connecticut police
 officer  and  UFO investigator,  uncovered no record of such a report. The
 sources asserted  that  the absence of a report could only mean  that  no such
 incident  had ever happened.) This intriguing  document  is signed by then OSI
 Special Agent Richard C. Doty.
 
  In  1987, after comparing three documents (the anonymous  letter to  APRO,
 the  September 8, 1980, AFOSI Complaint  Form,  and  a purported  AFOSI
 document dated August 14,  1980,  and  claiming "frequency  jamming"  by UFOs
 in the Kirtland  area),  researcher Brad  Sparks concluded that Doty had
 written all three.  In  1989 Moore  confirmed  that  Doty  had written  the
 letter  to  APRO. "Essentially it was 'bait,'" he says. "AFOSI knew that
 Bennewitz had close ties with APRO at the time, and they were interested in
 recruiting  someone  within . . . APRO . . . who would  be  in  a position   to
  provide  them  with  feedback   on   Bennewitz'[s] activities and
 communications. Since I was the APRO Board  member in  charge of Special
 Investigations in 1980, the Weitzel  letter was passed to me for action shortly
 after it had been  received." According to Bruce Maccabee, Doty admitted
 privately that he  had written the Ellsworth AFB document, basing it on a real
 incident which  he wanted to bring to public attention. Doty has  made  no
 public comment on any of these allegations. Moore says Doty  "was almost
 certainly a part of [the Ellsworth report], but not in  a capacity  where he
 would have been responsible for  creating  the documents involved" (Moore,
 1989a).
 
  Doty was also the source of an alleged AFOSI communication dated November 17,
 1980, and destined to become known as the  "Aquarius document." Allegedly sent
 from AFOSI headquarters at Bolling  AFB in Washington, D.C., to the AFOSI
 District 17 office at Kirtland, it  mentions,  in brief and cryptic form,
 analyses  of  negatives from a UFO film apparently taken the previous month.
 The  version that   circulated  through  the  UFO  community  states  in   its
 penultimate  paragraph:  "USAF NO LONGER PUBLICLY ACTIVE  IN  UFO RESEARCH,
 HOWEVER USAF STILL HAS INTEREST IN ALL  UFO  SIGHTINGS OVER  USAF
 INSTALLATION/TEST RANGES.  SEVERAL  OTHER  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  LED  BY NASA,
 ACTIVELY INVESTIGATES  [sic]  LEGITIMATE SIGHTINGS  THROUGH  COVERT  COVER....
 ONE  SUCH  COVER  IS   UFO REPORTING  CENTER,  US COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY,
 ROCKVILLE,  MD 20852, NASA FILTERS RESULTS OF SIGHTINGS TO APPROPRIATE
 MILITARY DEPARTMENTS  WITH  INTEREST  IN  THAT  PARTICULAR  SIGHTING.  THE
 OFFICIAL US GOVERNMENT POLICY AND RESULTS OF PROJECT AQUARIUS  IS [sic]  STILL
 CLASSIFIED TOP SECRET WITH  NO  DISEMINATION  [sic] OUTSIDE OFFICIAL
 INTELLIGENCE CHANNELS AND WITH RESTRICTED ACCESS TO 'MJ TWELVE'."
 
  This  is the first mention of "MJ-12" in an  allegedly  official government
 document. Moore describes it as an "example of some of the  disinformation
 produced in connection  with  the  Bennewitz case.  The document is a retyped
 version of a real AFOSI  message with  a  few  spurious additions."  Among  the
  most  significant additions,  by Moore's account, are the bogus references  to
  the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey and to NASA, which he says was NSA
 (National Security Agency) in the original.
 
  According  to  Moore,  Doty  got the  document  "right  off  the teletype"
 (Moore,   1990)  and  showed  it  to   Moore   almost immediately. Later Doty
 came by with what purported to be a  copy of  it,  but  Moore noticed that it
 was  not  exactly  the  same; material had been added to it. Doty said he
 wanted Moore to  give the  doctored copy to Bennewitz. Reluctant to involve
 himself  in the  passing  of  this dubious document, Moore sat on  it  for  a
 while,  then finally worried that the sources he was  developing, the ones who
 were telling him about the U.S. government's alleged interactions with EBEs,
 would dry up if he did not cooperate.  So eventually he gave the document to
 Bennewitz but urged him not to publicize it. Bennewitz agreed and kept his
 promise.
 
  As of September 1982 Moore knew of three copies of the document: the  one
 Bennewitz had, one Moore had in safekeeping, and one  he had  in  his briefcase
 during a trip he made that month  to  meet someone in San Francisco. He met the
 man in the morning and  that afternoon  someone  broke into his car and stole
 his  briefcase. Four  months later a copy of the document showed up in the
 hands of  a New York lawyer interested in UFOs, and soon  the  document was
 circulating widely. Moore himself had little to say  on  the subject  until he
 delivered a controversial and explosive  speech to the annual conference of the
 Mutual UFO Network (MUFON) in Las Vegas in 1989.
 
  In  late  1982,  "during," he says, "one of  the  many  friendly conversations
  I had with Richard Doty," Moore mentioned that  he was looking into the old
 (and seemingly discredited) story that a UFO had crashed in Aztec, New Mexico,
 in 1948. This tale was  the subject  of Frank Scully's 1950 book Behind the
 Flying  Saucers. (Moore's long account of his investigation into the affair,
 which he found to be an elaborate hoax, would appear in the 1985  MUFON
 symposium  proceedings.) Doty said he had never heard  the  story and asked for
 details, taking notes as Moore spoke.
  
  On January 10 and 11, 1983, attorney Peter Gersten, director  of CAUS,  met
 with Doty in New Mexico. There were two meetings,  the first of them also
 attended by Moore and San Francisco television producer Ron Lakis, the second
 by Gersten alone. During the first meeting  Doty  was guarded in his remarks.
 But at the  second  he spoke openly about what ostensibly were extraordinary
 secrets. He said  the Ellsworth case was the subject of an  investigation  by
 AFOSI  and the FBI; nuclear weapons were involved.  The  National Enquirer
 investigation, which had concluded the story was  bogus, was  "amateurish." At
 least two civilians, a farmer and a  deputy sheriff,  had  been involved, but
 were warned not  to  talk.  The government  knows why UFOs appear in certain
 places,  Doty  said, but  he  would not elaborate. He added, however, that
 "beyond  a shadow of a doubt they're extraterrestrial" (Greenwood, 1988) and
 from 50 light years from the earth. He knew of at least three UFO crashes, the
 Roswell incident and two others, one from the 1950s, the   other  from  the
 196Os.  Bodies  had  been  recovered.   A spectacular incident, much like the
 one depicted in the ending of the  film Close Encounters of the Third Kind,
 took place in  1966 The  NSA was involved in communications  with
 extraterrestrials; the   effort   is  called  Project  Aquarius.  Inside   the
  UFO organizations  government  moles are collecting  information  and
 spreading  disinformation. Doty discussed the  Aquarius  document and said the
 really important documents are impossible to get out of  the appropriate files.
 Some are protected in such a way  that they  will  disintegrate within five
 seconds'  exposure  to  air. These  documents tell of agreements between the
 U.S.  government and extraterrestrials under which the latter are free to
 conduct animal  mutilations  (especially  of cattle) and  to  land  at  a
 certain  base,  in exchange for information  about  advanced  UFO technology.
 Doty also claimed that via popular entertainment  the American  people  are
 being prepared to accept  the  reality  of visitation by benevolent beings from
 other worlds.
 
  At one point in the conversation Doty asked Gersten, "How do you know  that
 I'm not here to either give you misinformation  or  to give  you information
 which is part of the  programming,  knowing you are going to go out and spread
 it around?" (Howe, 1989).
 
  In  the  1970s, as director of special projects for  the  Denver CBS-TV
 affiliate,   Linda   Moulton  Howe   had   produced   12 documentaries,   most
  of   them   dealing   with    scientific, environmental  and health issues.
 But the one that attracted  the most  attention was Strange Harvest, which
 dealt with  the  then- widespread  reports that cattle in Western and
 Midwestern  states were  being  killed and mutilated by persons or  forces
 unknown. Most  veterinary  pathologists  said the animals  were  dying  of
 unknown  causes.  Farmers,  ranchers  and  some   law-enforcement officers
 thought the deaths were mysterious. Some even speculated that
 extraterrestrials  were  responsible.   This   possibility intrigued Howe, who
 had a lifelong interest in UFOs, and  Strange Harvest argues for a UFO
 mutilation link.
 
  In the fall of 1982, as Howe was working on a documentary on  an unrelated
 matter, she got a call from Home Box Office (HBO).  The caller  said  the  HBO
 people had  been  impressed  with  Strange Harvest  and wanted to know if Howe
 would do a film on  UFOs.  In March 1983 she went to New York to sign a
 contract with HBO for a show to be titled UFOs-The ET Factor.
 
  The  evening  before her meeting with the HBO people,  Howe  had dinner  with
 Gersten and science writer Patrick  Huyghe.  Gersten told  Howe  that  he had
 met with Sgt. Doty, an  AFOSI  agent  at Kirtland AFB, and perhaps Doty would
 be willing to talk on camera or  in  some  other  helpful  capacity  about  the
  incident   at Ellsworth. Gersten would call him and ask if he would be
 willing to meet with Howe.
 
  Subsequently   arrangements  were  made  for  Howe  to  fly   to Albuquerque
 on April 9. Doty would meet her at the airport.  But when she arrived that
 morning, no one was waiting. She called his home.  A  small boy answered and
 said his father was  not  there. Howe  then phoned Jerry Miller, Chief of
 Reality Weapons  Testing at Kirtland and a former Blue Book investigator. (He
 is mentioned in  the  October  28,  1980,  "Multipurpose  Internal  OSI  Form"
 reporting on Doty and Miller's meeting with Bennewitz.) She  knew Miller  from
 an  earlier telephone conversation,  when  she  had called  to ask him about
 Bennewitz's claims, in which she  had  a considerable  interest.  Miller  asked
  for  a  copy  of  Strange Harvest.  Later he had given Howe his home phone
 number and  said to  contact him if she ever found herself in Albuquerque. So
 she called and asked if he would pick her up at the airport.
 
  Miller  drove  Howe to his house. On the way Howe  asked  him  a number  of
 questions but got little in the way of  answers.  One question  he  did  not
 answer was whether  he  is  the  "Miller" mentioned  in  the Aquarius document.
 When they got  to  Miller's residence, Miller called Doty at his home, and Doty
 arrived a few minutes  later, responding aggressively to Howe's question  about
 where  he  had been. He claimed to have been at the  airport  all along;  where
 had she been? "Perhaps," Howe would write, "he  had decided he didn't want to
 go through with the meeting, and it was acceptable in his world to leave me
 stranded at the airport-until Jerry Miller called his house" (Howe, 1989).
 
  On  the way to Kirtland, Howe asked Doty, whose manner  remained both defiant
 and nervous, if he knew anything about the  Holloman landing. Doty said it
 happened but that Robert Emenegger had  the date wrong; it was not May 1971 but
 April 25, 1964-12 Hours after a much-publicized CE3 reported by Socorro, New
 Mexico,  policeman Lonnie  Zamora. (Zamora said he had seen an egg-shaped
 object  on the ground. Standing near it were two child-sized beings in white
 suits.)  Military  and scientific personnel at the  base  knew  a landing  was
 coming, but "someone blew the time and  coordinates" and  an "advance military
 scout ship" had come down at the  wrong time  and  place,  to  be observed by
 Zamora.  When  three  UFOs appeared  at Holloman at six o'clock the following
 morning,  one landed  while the other two hovered overhead. During the  meeting
 between  the  UFO beings and a government  party,  the  preserved bodies of
 dead aliens had been given to the aliens , who in  turn had  returned
 something  unspecified.  Five  ground  and  aerial cameras recorded this event.
 
  At  the  Kirtland  gate  Doty waved to the  guard  and  was  let through. They
 went to a small white and gray building. Doty  took her  to  what he described
 as "my - boss'  office."  Doty  seemed unwilling  to discuss the Ellsworth
 case, the  ostensible  reason for the interview, but had much to say about
 other matters. First he asked Howe to move from the chair on which she was
 sitting  to another in the middle of the room. Howe surmised that this was to
 facilitate the surreptitious recording of their conversation, but Doty said
 only, "Eyes can see through windows."
 
  "My  superiors  have  asked me to show you this,"  he  said.  He produced a
 brown envelope he had taken from a drawer in the  desk at  which  he was
 sitting and withdrew several  sheets  of  white paper.  As he handed them to
 Howe, he warned her that they  could not be copied; all she could do was read
 them in his presence and ask questions.
 
  The document gave no indication anywhere as to which government, military  or
 scientific agency (if any) had prepared the  report, titled A Briefing Paper
 for the President of the United States on the  Subject of Unidentified Flying
 Vehicles. The title  did  not specify which President it had in mind, nor did
 the document list a date (so far as Howe recalls today) which would have linked
  it to a particular administration.
 
 
   The first paragraph, written--as was everything that followed-- in  what Howe
 characterizes as "dry bureaucratese," listed  dates and  locations  of  crashes
  and retrievals  of  UFOs  and  their occupants. The latter were invariably
 described as 3 1/2 to  four feet tall, gray-skinned and hairless, with
 oversized heads, large eyes  and  no noses. It was now known, the document
 stated  on  a subsequent  page, that these beings, from a nearby solar  system,
 have  been  here  for many thousands of  years.  Through  genetic manipulation
 they influenced the course of human evolution and in a  sense  created us. They
 had also helped  shape  our  religious beliefs.
 
  The  July  1947 Roswell crash was mentioned;  so,  however,  was another  one
 at Roswell in 1949. Investigators at the site  found five  bodies and one
 living alien, who was taken to a safe  house at  the Los Alamos National
 Laboratory north of Albuquerque.  The aliens,    small   gray-skinned
 humanoids,   were   known    as "extraterrestrial  biological  entities" and
 the living  one  was called "EBE" (ee-buh). EBE was befriended (if that was the
  word) by an Air Force officer, but the being died of unknown causes  on June
 18, 1952. (EBE's friend, by 1964 a colonel, was among  those who  were  there
 to greet the aliens who  landed  at  Holloman.) Subsequently,  it would be
 referred to as EBE-1, since  in  later years  another  such being, EBE-2, would
 take up residence  in  a safe house. After that, a third, EBE-3, appeared on
 the scene and was now living in secret at an American base.
 
  The  briefing  paper said other crashes had  occurred  one  near Kingman,
 Arizona, another just south of Texas in northern Mexico. It  also mentioned the
 Aztec crash- The wreckage and  bodies  had been  removed  to such facilities as
 Los  Alamos  laboratory  and Wright-Patterson  AFB.  A number of  highly
 classified  projects dealt with these materials. They included Snowbird
 (research  and development  from the study of an intact spacecraft left  by
 the aliens  as  a gift) and Aquarius (the  umbrella  operation  under which the
 research and contact efforts were coordinated). Project Sigma was the ongoing
 electronic communications effort. There was also   a   defunct  project
 Garnet,  intended   to   investigate extraterrestrial  influence on human
 evolution. According to  the document, extraterrestrials have appeared at
 various intervals in human history-25,000, 15,000, 5000 and 2500 years ago as
 well  as now--to manipulate human and other DNA.
 
  One   paragraph   stated  briefly,  "Two  thousand   years   ago
 extraterrestrials  created a being" who was placed here to  teach peace  and
 love. Elsewhere a passing mention was made of  another group of EBEs, called
 the "Talls."
 
  The paper said Project Blue Book had existed solely to take heat off  the  Air
  Force and to draw attention  away  from  the  real projects.  Doty mentioned
 an "MJ-12," explaining that "MJ"  stood for  "Majority."  It was a
 policy-making  body  whose  membership consisted of 12 very high-ranking
 government scientists, military officers and intelligence officials. These were
 the men who  made the decisions governing the cover-up and the contacts.
 
  Doty  said  Howe  would be given thousands of feet  of  film  of crashed
 discs,  bodies,  EBE-1  and  the  Holloman  landing  and meeting.  She could
 use this material in her documentary to  tell the  story of how U.S. officials
 learned that the earth is  being visited and what they have done about it. "We
 want you to do  the film," Howe quotes him as saying.
 
  When Howe asked why she, not the New York Times, the  Washington Post  or  60
 Minutes,  was  getting  this,  the  story  of   the millennium, Doty replied
 bluntly that an individual media  person is  easier to manipulate and discredit
 than a major  organization with  expensive attorneys. He said that another plan
  to  release the  information, through Emenegger and Sandler, had been  halted
 because political conditions were not right.
 
  Over  the  next weeks Howe had a number of  phone  conversations with Doty,
 mostly about technical problems related to  converting old film to videotape.
 She spoke on several occasions with  three other men but did not meet them
 personally.
 
  Doty  suggested that eventually she might be allowed to film  an interview
 with EBE-3. But the current film project was to have  a historical  emphasis;
 it would deal with events between 1949  and 1964. If at some point she did meet
 EBE-3, however, there was  no way she could prepare herself for the "shock and
 fear" of meeting an alien being.
 
  Howe,  of course, had informed her HBO contacts, Jean  Abounader and   her
 superior  Bridgett  Potter,  of  these   extraordinary developments. Howe urged
 them to prepare themselves, legally  and otherwise,  for  the repercussions
 that would surely  follow  the release  of the film. The HBO people told her
 she would have  to secure  a  letter  of  intent from the  U.S.  government
 with  a legally-binding commitment to release the promised film  footage. When
 Howe called Doty about it, he said, "I'll work on  it."  He said he would mail
 the letter directly to HBO.
 
  Then  HBO  told her it would not authorize funds  for  the  film production
 until all the evidence was in hand and, as Potter  put it,  Howe had the
 "President, Secretary of Defense, Secretary  of State and Joint Chiefs of Staff
 to back it up" (Howe, 1989).  But proceed  anyway, Howe was told. Now she was
 furious at  both  HBO and Doty.
 
 
 
 When  she called him at the base, he remarked that he  had  good news  and  bad
 news. She and a small crew would soon be  able  to interview  the  retired
 colonel (then a captain)  who  had  spent three  years with EBE-1. The bad news
 was that it would be  three months  before  the thousands of feet of film of
 EBE-1  and  the Holloman  landing/contact would be available.  Meanwhile,
 before she  could  screen  the footage, Howe would have  to  sign  three
 security  oaths  and undergo a background check. She  would  also have  to
 supply photographs of all the technical  assistants  who would accompany her to
 the interview.
 
  The  interview was repeatedly set up and canceled. Then in  June Doty called
 to say he was officially out of the project. This was a blow because Doty was
 the only one she could call. She did  not know  how to get in touch with the
 others and always had to  wait for them to contact her.
 
  By  October  the  contacts had decreased.  The  same  month  her contract
 with  HBO  expired. All she had was  the  name  of  the Washington  contact.
 In March 1984 this  individual  called  her office  three  times, although she
 was out of town working  on  a non-UFO story at the time. "Upon returning
 home," she writes,  "I learned  the  man  was contacting me to explain  there
 would  be further  delays  in  the film project  after  the  November  1984
 election" (Howe, 1989).
 
  For  Howe  that was the end of the matter, except  for  a  brief sequel.  On
 March 5, 1988, Doty wrote ufologist Larry W.  Bryant, who  had unsuccessfully
 sought access to Doty's military  records through  the Freedom of Information
 Act, and denied that  he  had ever  discussed  government UFO secrets or
 promised  footage  of crashed  discs, bodies and live EBEs. Howe responded by
 making  a sworn  statement  about the meeting an producing  copies  of  her
 correspondence from the period with both Doty and HBO.
 
 
  In 1989 Moore said that "in early 1983 I became aware that  Rick [Doty] was
 involved with a team of several others, including  one fellow  from  Denver
 that I knew of and at  least  one  who  was working  out  of  Washington,
 D.C.,  in  playing  an   elaborate disinformation scheme against a prominent
 UfO researcher who,  at the  time,  had close connections with a  major
 television  film company interested in doing a UFO documentary." He was
 referring to  Howe, of course. The episode was a counterintelligence  sting
 operation,  part  of  the "wall of  disinformation"  intended  to "confuse"
 the Bennewitz issue and to "call his credibility  into question."  Because  of
 Howe's  interest  in  Bennewitz's  work, according  to  Moore, "certain
 elements within  the  intelligence community were concerned that the story of
 his having intercepted low  frequency electromagnetic emissions from the
 Coyote  Canyon area  of  the Kirtland/Sandia complex would end up as part  of
 a feature film. Since this in turn might influence others (possibly even  the
 Russians) to attempt similar experiments, someone in  a control  position
 apparently felt it had to be stopped before  it got out of hand." In his
 observation, Moore said, "the government seemed hell bent on severing the ties
 that existed between [Howe] and [HBO]" (Moore, 1989b).
 
  Doty's assertion that Howe had misrepresented their meeting  was not  to  be
 taken seriously, according to Moore, since  Doty  was bound by a security oath
 and could not discuss the matter  freely Moore  said that the Aztec crash,
 known beyond  reasonable  doubt never  to  have  occurred, was something Doty
 had  added  to  the document after learning from Moore of his recent
 investigation of the hoax.
 
  In December 1984, in the midst of continuing contact with  their own  sources
 (Doty  and a number of others) who  claimed  to  be leaking  the  secret  of
 the cover-up,  Moore's  associate  Jaime Shandera  received a roll of 35mm film
 containing, it turned  out what  purported to be a briefing paper dated
 November  18,  1952, and  intended  for  president-elect  Eisenhower.  The
 purported author, Adm. Roscoe H. Hillenkoetter, reported that an "Operation
 Majestic-12,"  consisting  of a dozen  top  scientists,  military officers  and
  intelligence  specialists,  had  been  set  up  by presidential  order on
 September 24, 1947, to study  the  Roswell remains  and  the four humanoid
 bodies that  had  been  recovered nearby. The document report that the team
 directed by MJ12 member and  physiologist  Detlev Bronk "has suggested the
 term  'Extra- terrestrial  Biological Entities', or 'EBEs', be adopted  as  the
 standard term of reference for these creatures until such time as a more
 definitive designation can be agreed upon." Brief  mention is also made of a
 December 6, 1950, crash along the  Texas-Mexico border.   Nothing  is  said,
 however,  about  live   aliens   or communications with them.
 
  In  July  1985  Moore and Shandera, acting on  tips  from  their sources,
 traveled  to  Washington and spent  a  few  days  going through  recently
 declassified documents in  Record  Group  341, including  Top  Secret  Air
 Force intelligence  files  from  USAF Headquarters. In the 126th box whose
 contents they examined, they found  a  brief  memo dated July 14, 1954,  from
 Robert  Cutler, Special  Assistant to the President, to Gen. Nathan  Twining.
 It says  "The  president  has decided that  the  MJ-12/SSP  [Special Studies
 Project] briefing should take place during  the  already scheduled White House
 meeting of July 16 rather than following it as  previously  intended.  More
 precise  arrangements  will   be explained to you upon your arrival. Your
 concurrence in the above change of arrangements is assumed" (Friedman, 1987).
 
  The   Cutler/Twining  memo,  as  it  would  be  called  in   the controversies
  that  erupted  after  Moore  released  the   MJ-12 document to the world in
 the spring of 1987, is the only official document-not  to  be  confused with
 such  disputed  ones  as  the November  17, 1980, Aquarius document-to mention
 MJ-12.  (Several critics   of  the  MJ-12  affair  have  questioned   the
 memo's authenticity  as well, but so far without  unambiguous  success.) The
 memo does not, of course, say what the MJ12 Special  Studies Project was.
 
 MJ-12  Goes  Public: Just prior to Moore's release of  the  MJ-12 briefing
 paper,  another copy was leaked  to  British  ufologist Timothy Good, who took
 his copy to the press. The first newspaper article  on it appeared in the
 London Observer of May  31,  1987, and  soon  it was the subject of pieces in
 the  New  York  Times, Washington  Post and ABC-TV's Nightline. It was  also
 denounced, not  altogether persuasively, both by professional debunkers  and by
  many  ufologists. The dispute would rage  without  resolution well  into 1989,
 when critics discovered that President  Truman's signature on the September 24,
 1947, executive order (appended to the  briefing  paper)  was  exactly  like
 his  signature  on  an undisputed, UFO-unrelated October 1, 1947, letter to his
  science adviser  (and  supposed  MJ-12  member)  Vannevar  Bush.  To  all
 appearances  a  forger had appended a real signature  to  a  fake letter.   The
   MJ-12  document  began  to  look   like   another disinformation scheme.
 
  Although acutely aware of the mass of disinformation circulating throughout
 the UFO community, Moore remained convinced  that  at least some of the
 information his own sources were giving him was authentic. In 1988 he provided
 two of his sources, "Falcon" (Sgt. Doty according to some) and "Condor" (later
 claimed to be  former U.S. Air Force Capt. Robert Collins), to a television
 production company.  (Moore  and  Shandera had given them  avian  names  and
 called the sources collectively "the birds.") UFO Cover-up . .  . Live, a
 two-hour program, aired in October 1988, with Falcon  and Condor,  their faces
 shaded, their voices altered,  relating  the same  tales with which they had
 regaled Moore and  Shandera.  The show,  almost universally judged a laughable
 embarrassment,  was most  remembered for the informants' statements that  the
 aliens favored  ancient Tibetan music and strawberry ice cream.  Critics found
 the latter allegation especially hilarious.
 
 
 Lear's  Conspiracy Theory: Events on the UFO scene were taking  a yet  more
 bizarre turn that same year as even wilder tales  began to circulate. The first
 to tell them was John Lear, a pilot  with a background in the CIA and the
 estranged son of aviation  legend William  P. Lear. Lear had surfaced two or
 three  years  earlier, but  aside  from  his  famous  father  there  seemed
 little   to distinguish  him  from  any of hundreds of other  UFO  buffs  who
 subscribe  to  the  field's  publications  and  show  up  at  its conferences.
 But then he started claiming that  unnamed  sources had  told  him of
 extraordinary events which made those  told  by Doty   and  the  birds  sound
 like  bland  and   inconsequential anecdotes.
 
  According  to Lear, not just a few but dozens of flying  saucers had  crashed
 over the years. In 1962 the U.S. government  started Project  Redlight to find
 a way to fly the recovered craft,  some relatively  intact. A similar project
 exists even now and is  run out  of  supersecret  military  installation;  one
 is  Area   51 (specifically  at a facility called S4) at the Nevada  Test  Site
 and  the  other is set up near Dulce, New  Mexico.  These  areas,
 unfortunately,  may  no  longer  be  under  the  control  of  the government
 or  even  of the human race. In  the  late  1960s  an official agency so secret
 that not even the President may know of it  had  made  an  agreement with the
 aliens.  In  exchange  for extraterrestrial  technology the secret government
 would  permit (or  at least not interfere with) a limited number of  abductions
 of  human beings; the aliens, however, were to provide a list  of those they
 planned to kidnap.
 
  All  went  relatively  well for a few years. Then  in  1973  the government
 discovered that thousands of persons who were not  on the alien's list were
 being abducted. The resulting tensions  led to  an  altercation  in 1978 or
 1979. The aliens  held  and  then killed  44  top  scientists as well as a
 number  of  Delta  force troops  who had tried to free them. Ever since,
 frantic  efforts, of  which the Strategic Defense Initiative ("Star Wars")  is
 the most  visible manifestation, have been made to develop a  defense against
 the extraterrestrials, who are busy putting implants into abductees  (as  many
 as one in 10 Americans)  to  control  their behavior.  At some time in the near
 future these people  will  be used  for some unknown, apparently sinister,
 alien purpose.  Even worse  than  all this, though, is the aliens' interest  in
  Human flesh. Sex and other organs are taken from both human beings  and cattle
  and  used  to create androids in giant  vats  located  in underground
 laboratories   at   Area   51   and   Dulce.    The extraterrestrials,  from
 an  ancient race near the  end  of  its evolution,  also use materials from
 human body parts as a  method of biological rejuvenation. ("In order to sustain
 themselves," he said, "they use an enzyme or hormonal secretion obtained from
 the tissue that they extract from humans and animals. The  secretions are then
 mixed with hydrogen peroxide and applied on the skin  by spreading  or dipping
 parts of their bodies in the solution.  The body  absorbs the solution, then
 excretes the waste back  through the skin" [Berk and Renzi, 1988].)
 
  One  of Lear's major sources was Bennewitz, who had first  heard these scary
 stories from AFOSI personnel at Kirtland in the early 1980s. By this time
 Bennewitz had become something of a guru to a small  group  of  UFO
 enthusiasts, Linda  Howe  among  them,  who believed  extraterrestrials  were
 mutilating cattle  and  had  no trouble  believing they might do the same thing
 to  people.  Also Lear,  whose political views are far to the right of center,
 was linking  his  UFO  beliefs  with  conspiracy  theories  about   a
 malevolent secret American government which was attempting to use the  aliens
 for its own purposes, including enslavement  of  the world's  people  through
 drug addiction. A considerable  body  of rightwing conspiracy literature, some
 with barely-concealed anti- Semitic  overtones, was making similar charges.
 Lear himself  was not anti-Semitic, but he did share conspiracy beliefs with
 those who were.
 
  Another  of  his claimed sources was an unnamed  physicist  who, Lear
 claimed, had actually worked at S4. To the many  ufologists who  rejected
 Lear's stories as paranoid, lunatic  or  fabricated (though  not by the
 patently-sincere Lear), there was  widespread skepticism  about this
 physicist's existence. It turned out  that he did indeed exist. His name is
 Robert Lazar, who, according  to a  story  broken  by reporter George Knapp  on
  KLAS-TV,  the  ABC affiliate  in Las Vegas, on November 11 and 13, 1989,
 claims  to have worked on alien technology projects at Area 51. Lazar, whose
 story  is  being investigated by both ufologists  and  mainstream journalists,
 has  not endorsed Lear's claims  about  human-alien treaties,  man-eating  ETs
 or any of the rest and  has  distanced himself from Lear and his associates.
 His claims, while fantastic by most standards, are modest next to Lears.
 
 Cooper's Conspiracy Theory: Soon Lear was joined by someone  with an  even
 bigger  supply of fabulous yarns:  one  Milton  William Cooper. Cooper surfaced
 on December 18, 1988, when his account of the  fantastic  secrets he learned
 while a  Naval  petty  officer appeared  on a computer network subscribed to by
  ufologists  and others interested in anomalous phenomena. Cooper said that
 while working  as  a quartermaster with an intelligence team  for  Adm.
 
 
 Bernard  Clarey, Commander in Chief of the Pacific Meet,  in  the early  1970s
 he saw two documents, Project Grudge Special  Report 13 and a Majority
 briefing. (In conventional UFO history,  Grudge was  the  second public Air
 Force UFO  project,  superseding  the original Sign, in early 1949 and lasting
 until late 1951, when it was  renamed  Blue Book. Whereas Sign investigators at
  one  time concluded UFOs were of extraterrestrial origin--a conclusion  the
 Air  force  leadership found unacceptable--Grudge,  as  its  name suggests
 coincidentally or otherwise, was known for its hostility to the idea of UFOs
 and for its eagerness to assign  conventional explanations,  warranted  or
 otherwise, to the  sighting  reports that came its way.) Cooper's account of
 what was in these reports is  much  like  the by-now familiar  story  of
 crashes,  bodies, contacts and projects, with some elaborations. Moreover, he
 said the  aliens  were called "ALFs" (which as any  television  viewer knows,
 stands for Alien Life forms) and the "M" in MJ-12 is  for Majority not
 Majestic. Later he would say he had seen photographs of aliens, including a
 type he called the "big-nosed  grays"-like those  that  supposedly landed at
 Holloman in 1964 or  1971.  The U.S.  government  was in contact with them  and
  alien-technology projects were going on at Area 51.
 
  If  this sounded like a rehash of Moore and Lear, that was  only because
 Cooper  had yet to pull out all the stops.  On  May  23, 1989,  Cooper
 produced  a 25-page  document  titled  The  Secret Government:  The  Origin,
 Identity  And  Purpose  of  MJ-12.  He presented  it  as a lecture in Las Vegas
 a few  weeks  later.  In Cooper's version of the evolving legend, the "secret
 government," an  unscrupulous  group  of covert  CIA  and  other  intelligence
 operatives who keep many of their activities sealed from even the President's
 knowledge, runs the country. One of its  first  acts was  to murder one-time
 Secretary of Defense (and  alleged  early MJ-12  member)  James Forrestal the
 death was made to  look  like suicide-because  he  threatened  to  expose  the
 UFO   cover-up. Nonetheless,  President  Truman, fearing an invasion  from
 outer space, kept other nations, including the Soviet Union, abreast of
 developments. But keeping all this secret was a real problem,  so an
 international  secret  society known  as  the  Bilderbergers, headquartered in
 Geneva, Switzerland, was formed. Soon it  became a  secret world government and
 "now controls everything,"  Cooper said.
 
  All the while flying saucers were dropping like flies out of the heavens.  In
 1953  there were 10 crashes in  the  United  States alone.  Also  that  year,
 astronomers  observed  huge  spaceships heading  toward the earth and in time
 entering into orbit  around the   equator.   Project   Plato  was   established
   to   effect communication with these new aliens. One of the ships landed  and
 a  face-to-face  meeting  took place, and  plans  for  diplomatic relations
 were  laid. Meanwhile a race of  human-looking  aliens warned  the U.S.
 government that the new visitors were not to  be trusted  and  that  if  the
 government got  rid  of  its  nuclear weapons,  the  human  aliens  would  help
  us  in  our  spiritual development,  which  would  keep  us  from  destroying
 ourselves through wars and environmental pollution. The government rejected
 these overtures.
 
  The big-nosed grays, the ones who had been orbiting the equator, landed
 again, this time at Holloman AFB, in 1954 and reached  an agreement with the
 U.S. government. These beings stated that they were from a dying planet that
 orbits Betelguese. At some point in the  not too distant future, they said,
 they would have to  leave there  for good. A second meeting took place not long
  afterwards at Edwards AFB in California. This time President Eisenhower  was
 there  to  sign  a  formal treaty and to  meet  the  first  alien ambassador,
 "His Omnipotent Highness Krlll,"  pronounced  Krill. He, in common with his
 fellow space travelers, wore a  trilateral insignia  on  his  uniform;  the
 same  design  appears  on   all Betelguese spacecraft.
 
  According  to  Cooper's account, the  treaty's  provisions  were these:
 Neither side would interfere in the affairs of the  other. The aliens would
 abduct humans from time to time and would return them  unharmed, with no memory
 of the event. It would  provide  a list of names of those it was going to take.
 The U.S.  government would  keep  the aliens' presence a secret and it  would
 receive advanced  technology from them. The two sides would  exchange  16
 individuals  each for the purpose of learning from  and  teaching each  other.
 The aliens would stay on earth and the humans  would go  to the other planet,
 then return after a specified period  of time.  The two sides would jointly
 occupy huge underground  bases which would be constructed at hidden locations
 in the Southwest.
 
  (It  should be noted that the people listed as members of  MJ-12 are  largely
 from  the  Council on  Foreign  Relations  and  the Trilateral Commission.
 These organizations play a prominent  role in conspiracy theories of the far
 right. In a book on the subject George  Johnson  writes, "After the Holocaust
 of  World  War  II, anti-Semitic conspiracy theories became repugnant to all
 but  the fringe of the American right. Populist fears of the power of  the rich
  became  focused  instead  on  organizations  that   promote international
 capitalism, such as the Trilateral Commission,  the Council  on Foreign
 Relations, and the Bilderbergers, a group  of world  leaders  and
 businesspeople who held one  of  their  early conferences on international
 relations at the Bilderberg Hotel in the  Netherlands"  [Johnson,  1983].
 According  to  Cooper,  the trilateral emblem is taken directly from the alien
 flag. He  adds that  under Presidents Nixon, Ford and Carter MJ-12 became
 known as  the  50  Committee. Under Reagan it  was  renamed  the  PI-40
 Committee.)
 
 
  By 1955, during the Eisenhower years, Cooper charged,  officials learned for
 certain what they had already begun to suspect a year earlier: that the aliens
 had broken the treaty before the ink  on it  had time to dry. They were killing
 and mutilating both  human beings  and  animals,  failing  to  supply  a
 complete  list  of abductees, and not returning some of those they had taken.
 On top of  that,  they were conspiring with  the  Soviets,  manipulating
 society  through  occultism,  witchcraft,  religion  and   secret
 organizations.  Eisenhower prepared a secret executive memo,  NSC 5411,
 ordering  a  study group of 35  top  members  (the  "Jason Society")
 associated  with the Council on Foreign  Relations  to "examine  aIl  the
 facts,  evidence,  lies,  and  deception  and discover the truth of the alien
 question" (Cooper, 1989). Because the  resulting meetings were held at Quantico
 Marine  Base,  they were  called the Quantico meetings. Those participating
 included Edward  Teller, Zbigniew Brzezinski, Henry Kissinger  and  Nelson
 Rockefeller.
 
  The  group  decided  that  the  danger  to  established  social, economic,
 religious and political institutions was so grave  that no one must know about
 the aliens, not even Congress. That  meant that  alternative sources of funding
 would have to be  found.  It also concluded that the aliens were using human
 organs and tissue to replenish their deteriorating genetic structure.
 
  Further, according to Cooper, overtures were made to the  Soviet Union and
 other nations so that all the earth could join together to  deal with the alien
 menace. Research into  sophisticated  new weapons  systems commenced.
 Intelligence sources  penetrated  the Vatican  hoping to learn the Fatima
 prophecy which had been  kept secret  ever  since  1917.  It was  suspected
 that  the  Fatima, Portugal,  "miracle" was an episode of alien manipulation.
 As  it turned out, the prophecy stated that in 1992 a child would  unite the
 world under the banner of a false religion. By  1995  people would  figure  out
 that he was the Anti-Christ.  That  same  year World  War  III  would begin
 when an  alliance  of  Arab  nations invaded Israel. This would lead to nuclear
 war in 1999. The  next four  years would see horrible death and suffering all
 over  the planet. Christ would return in 2011.
 
  When confronted about this, claimed Cooper, the aliens  candidly acknowledged
 it was true. They knew it because they had  traveled into  the future via time
 machine and observed it with their  own eyes.   They   added  that  they
 created  us   through   genetic manipulation. Later the Americans and the
 Soviets also  developed time travel and confirmed the Fatima/ET vision of the
 future.
 
  In  1957 the Jason group met again, by order of  Eisenhower,  to decide  what
 to do. It came up with three alternatives:  (l)  Use nuclear bombs to blow
 holes in the stratosphere so that pollution could  escape  into space. (2)
 Build a huge  network  of  tunnels under the earth and save enough human beings
 of varying cultures, occupations and talents so that the race could reemerge
 after the nuclear  and environmental catastrophes to come. Everybody  else-
 i.e.,  the  rest  of  humanity--would  be  left  on  the  surface presumably to
 die. (3) Employ alien and terrestrial technology to leave  earth  and colonize
 the moon (code name "Adam")  and  Mars ("Eve").  The  first alternative was
 deemed impractical,  so  the Americans  and  the  Soviets started working on
 the  other  two. Meanwhile  they  decided  that the population would  have  to
 be controlled,  which  could be done most easily by killing  off  as many
 "undesirables"  as  possible. Thus AIDS  and  other  deadly diseases  were
 introduced into the population. Another  idea  to raise needed funds was
 quickly acted on: sell drugs on a  massive scale.  An  ambitious  young member
 of  the  Council  on  Foreign Relations,  a Texas oil-company president named
 George Bush,  was put in charge of the project, with the aid of the CIA. "The
 plan worked better than anyone had thought " CooPer said. "The CIA now controls
  all  the worlds [sic] illegal  drug  markets"  (Cooper, 1989).
 
  Unknown to just about everybody, a secret  American/Soviet/alien space  base
 existed on the dark side of the moon. By  the  early 1960s  human colonies were
 thriving on the surface of  Mars.  All the  while the naive people of the earth
 were led to believe  the Soviets  and the Americans were something other than
 the  closest allies. But Cooper's story got even more bizarre and byzantine.
 
  He  claimed that in 1963, when President Kennedy found out  some of  what was
 going on, he gave an ultimatum to MJ-12: get out  of the  drug business. He
 also declared that in 1964 he  would  tell the  American people about the alien
 visitation. Agents of  MJ-12 ordered  his assassination. Kennedy was murdered
 in full view  of many  hundreds of onlookers, none of whom apparently noticed,
 by the  Secret  Service  agent driving the President's  car  in  the motorcade.
 
  In   1969,  reported  Cooper,  a  confrontation  between   human scientists
 and  aliens at the Dulce laboratory resulted  in  the former's being taken
 hostage by the latter. Soldiers who tried to free the scientists were killed,
 unable to overcome the  superior alien  weapons.  The  incident  led  to  a
 two-year  rupture  in relations. The alliance was resumed in 1971 and continues
 to this day,  even as a vast invisible financial empire run by  the  CIA, the
 NSA and the Council on Foreign Relations runs drugs, launders money and
 encourages massive street crime so that Americans  will be  susceptible to
 gun-control legislation. The CIA has  gone  so far  as to employ drugs and
 hypnosis to  cause  mentally-unstable individuals  to  commit mass murder of
 schoolchildren  and  other innocents, the point being to encourage anti-gun
 hysteria. All of this  is  part of the plot, aided and abetted by the  mass
 media (also  under  the  secret  government's  control),  to  so  scare
 Americans  that they will soon accept the declaration of  martial law  when
 that  happens, people will be rounded up  and  put  in concentration  camps
 already in place. From there they  will  be flown  to the moon and Mars to work
 as slave labor in  the  space colonies.
 
 
  The conspirators already run the world. As Cooper put it,  "Even a cursory
 investigation by the most inexperienced researcher will show that the members
 of the Council on Foreign Relations and the Trilateral  commission control the
 major foundations, all of  the major media and publishing interests, the
 largest banks, all  the major  corporations, the - upper echelons of the
 government,  and many other vital interests."
 
 Reaction  to  Lear  and  Cooper:  Whereas  Lear  had  felt   some obligation
 to  name  a  source or two, or  at  least  to  mutter something  about
 "unnamed sources," Cooper told  his  lurid  and outlandish tale as if it were
 so self-evidently true that sources or  supporting  data  were irrelevant. And
 to  the  enthusiastic audiences   flocking  to  Cooper's  lectures,  no
 evidence   was necessary.  By  the  fall  of the year  Cooper  was  telling
 his stories--whose  sources  were, in fact,  flying-saucer  folklore, AFOSI
 disinformation  unleashed during  the  Bennewitz  episode, conspiracy
 literature, and outright fiction--to large crowds  of Californians  willing to
 pay $l0 or $15 apiece for the thrill  of being scared silly.
 
  Lear  and Cooper soon were joined by two other tellers of  tales of  UFO
 horrors and Trilateral conspiracies, William English  and John Grace (who goes
 under the pseudonym "Val Valarian" and heads the Nevada Aerial Research Group
 in Las Vegas).
 
  Few  if any mainstream ufologists took these  stories  seriously and at first
 treated them as something of a bad joke. But when it became  clear  that  Lear,
 Cooper  and  company  were  commanding significant  media  attention and
 finding a following  among  the larger  public interested in ufology's fringes,
 where  a  claim's inherent  improbability  had never been seen as  an  obstacle
  to believe  in it, the leaders of the UFO community grew  ever  more alarmed.
 
  One leader who was not immediately alarmed was Walter H. Andrus, Jr.,
 director of the Mutual UFO Network (MUFON), one of the  two largest  UFO
 organizations in the United States (the other  being the  J.  Allen Hynek
 Center for UFO Studies  [CUFOS]).  In  1987, before Lear had proposed what some
 wags would call the Dark  Side Hypothesis,  he had offered to host the 1989
 MUFON conference  in Las  Vegas.  Andrus  agreed. But as Lear's  true  beliefs
 became known,  leading  figures  within MUFON  expressed  concern  about Lear's
  role  in the conference. When Andrus  failed  to  respond quickly, MUFON
 officials were infuriated.
 
  Facing  a  possible  palace revolt, Andrus  informed  Lear  that Cooper, whom
 Lear had invited to speak at the conference, was not an  acceptable choice. But
 to the critics on the MUFON board  and elsewhere  in  the organization, this
 was hardly enough.  One  of them,  longtime  ufologist  Richard Hall,  said
 this  was  "like putting  a  Band-Aid on a hemorrhage" (Hall, 1989). In  a
 heated telephone exchange Andrus called Hall's objections to Lear  "just one
 man's opinion" and claimed support, which turned out not  to exist,  from other
 MUFON notables. In a  widely-distributed  open letter to Andrus, Hall wrote,
 "Having Lear run the symposium  and be  a  major speaker at it is comparable to
 NICAP in  the  1960's having  George  Adamski  run a NICAP conference!  "
 (NICAP,  the National  Investigations Committee on Aerial Phenomena, of  which
 Hall  was executive secretary in the late 1950s and much  of  the 1960s,   was
 a  conservative  UFO-research  organization   which attacked  as  fraudulent
 the claims of Adamski, who  wrote  books about his meetings with Venusians and
 distributed photographs  of what  he said were their spaceships.) Hall went on,
 "You seem  to be going for the colorful and the spectacular rather than for the
 critical-minded approach of science; you even expressed the view- in
 effect-that having a panel to question Lear critically  would be good show biz
 and the 'highlight' of the symposium. Maybe  so, but it obviously would
 dominate the entire program, grab off  all major  news  media attention, and
 put UFO research in  the  worst possible  light." Hall declared, "I am hereby
 resigning from  the MUFON Board and I request that my name be removed from all
 MUFON publications or papers that indicate me to be a Board Member."
 
 
  Fearing more resignations, Andrus moved to make Lear barely more than a guest
 at his own conference. He was not to lecture  there, as  previously planned,
 and hosting duties would be handled,  for the most part, by others. Lear ended
 up arranging an "alternative conference" at which he, Cooper, English and Don
 Ecker  presented the latest elaborations on the Dark Side Hypothesis.
  Meanwhile  another  storm  was brewing. On  March  1,  1989,  an Albuquerque
 ufologist,  Robert  Hastings,  issued   a   13-page statement, with 37 pages of
 appended documents, and mailed it  to many  of  ufology's most prominent
 individuals.  Hastings  opened with these remarks:
 
  "First,  it  has  been established that  'Falcon,'  one  of  the principle
 [sic]  sources of the MJ-12 material,  is  Richard  C. Doty,  formerly
 attached  to District 17  Air  Force  Office  of Special  Investigations
 (AFOSI)  at  Kirtland  Air  Force  Base, Albuquerque,  New  Mexico. Sgt. Doty
 retired from  the  U.S.  Air Force on October 1, 1988.
 
 
  "How do I know that Doty is 'Falcon?' During a recent  telephone conversation,
  Linda  Moulton Howe told me that  when  Sgt.  Doty invited  her to his office
 at Kirtland AFB in early  April  1983, and  showed her a purportedly authentic
 U.S. government  document on  UFOs, he identified himself as code-name 'Falcon'
 and  stated that it was Bill Moore who had given him that name.
 
  "Also,  in  early  December  1988,  a  ranking  member  of   the production
 team  responsible  for  the  'UFO  Cover   Up?-Live' television documentary
 confirmed that Doty is 'Falcon.' This same individual  also identified the
 second MJ-12 source who  appeared on  the  program,  'Condor'  as Robert
 Collins  who  was,  until recently,  a  Captain in the U.S. Air Force. Like
 Doty,  he  was stationed  at  KAFB  when he left the service  late  last
 year." (Collins,  a scientist, was assigned to the plasma physics  group at
 Sandia National Laboratories on the Kirtland Air Force  Base. Following his
 retirement he moved to Indiana and remains actively interested in UFOs.)
 
  Hastings   reviewed  evidence  of  Doty's  involvement  in   the concoction
 of  various  questionable  documents  and   stories, including  the  Ellsworth
 tale and the Weitzel  affair.  He  also noted important discrepancies between
 the paper Howe saw and  the MJ-12  briefing document. For example, while the
 first  mentioned the alleged Aztec crash, the second said nothing about it at
 all. Hastings wondered, "[I]f the briefing paper that Sgt. Doty showed to Linda
 Howe was genuine, what does that say about the  accuracy (and  authenticity) of
 the Eisenhower document? If, on the  other hand, the former was bogus and was
 meant to mislead Howe for some reason,  what  does  that  say  about  Richard
 'Falcon'   Doty's reliability  as  a  source  for  MJ-12  material  as  a
 whole?" (Hastings,  1989). Hastings also had much critical to  say  about
 Moore, especially about an incident in which Moore had flashed  a badge in
 front of ufologist/cover-up investigator Lee Graham  and indicated  he  was
 working with the government on  a  project  to release  UFO  information.
 (Moore would characterize  this  as  a misguided practical joke.)
 
  Both  Moore  and Doty denied that the latter  was  Falcon.  They claimed  Doty
 had been given that pseudonym long after  the  1983 meeting with Howe. Howe,
 however, stuck by her account. Moore and Doty said the real Falcon, an older
 man than Doty had been in the studio audience as the video of his interview was
 being broadcast on  UFO  Cover-up.  .  . Live. Doty himself  was  in  New
 Mexico training with the state police.
 
 Moore's  Confession:  By  mid-1989  the  two  most  controversial figures in
 ufology were Moore and Lear. Moore's MUFON lecture  on July 1 did nothing to
 quiet his legion of critics. On his arrival in  Las Vegas, Moore checked into a
 different hotel from the  one at which the conference was being held. He
 already had refused to submit his paper for publication in the symposium
 proceedings, so no  one  knew what he would say. He had also stipulated  that
 he would accept no questions from the floor.
 
  Moore's speech stunned and angered much of the audience. At  one point   the
 shouts  and  jeers  of  Lear's   partisans   brought proceedings  to a halt
 until order was restored.  Moore  finished and exited immediately. He left Las
 Vegas not long afterwards.
 
  In his lecture Moore spoke candidly, for the first time, of  his part in the
 counterintelligence operation against Bennewitz.  "My role  in the affair," he
 said, "was largely that of a  freelancer providing information on Paul's
 current thinking and activities." Doty,  "faithfully carrying out orders which
 he personally  found distasteful," was one of those involved in the effort to
 confuse and  discredit Bennewitz. Because of his success at this  effort, Moore
 suggested, Doty was chosen by the real "Falcon" as "liaison person,  although I
 really don't know. Frankly, I  don't  believe that  Doty does either. In my
 opinion he was simply a pawn  in  a much larger game, just as I was."
 
  From  disinformation  passed on by AFOSI sources,  and  his  own observations
 and  guesses,  according to  Moore,  "by  mid-1982" Bennewitz had put together
 a story that "contained virtually  all of  the  elements  found  in the current
  crop  of  rumors  being circulated around the UFO community." Moore was
 referring to  the outlandish  tales Lear and Cooper were telling. Moore  said
 that "when  I first ran into the disinformation operation . . .  being run on
 Bennewitz . . . [i)t seemed to me . . . I was in a  rather unique position.
 There I was with my foot . . . in the door of  a secret  counterintelligence
 game that gave every  appearance  of being  somehow directly connected to a
 high-level government  UFO project, and, judging by the positions of the people
 I knew to be directly  involved with it, definitely had something to  do  with
 national  security!  There was no way I was going  to  allow  the opportunity
 to  pass me by without learning at  least  something about  what was going on.
 . . . I would play  the  disinformation game,  get  my  hands  dirty just
 often  enough  to  lead  those directing  the  process into believing that I
 was  doing  exactly what  they wanted me to do, and all the while continue to
 burrow my  way into the matrix so as to learn as much as possible  about who
 was directing it and why." Some of the same people who  were passing alleged
 UFO secrets on to Moore were also involved in the operation against Bennewitz.
 Moore knew that some of the material he  was  getting--essentially  a mild
 version  of  the  Bennewitz scenario, without the horror, paranoia and
 conspiracy--was false, but  he (along with Jaime Shandera and Stanton Friedman,
 to  whom he  confided the cover-up story in June 1982; Friedman,  however,
 would  not learn of Moore's role in the Bennewitz  episode  until seven years
 later) felt that some of it was probably true,  since an  invariable
 characteristic  of  disinformation  is  that   it contains some facts. Moore
 also said that Linda Howe had been the victim of one of Doty's disinformation
 operations.
 
 
  Before  he stopped cooperating with such schemes in 1984,  Moore said,  he had
 given "routine information" to AFOSI about  certain other  individuals in the
 UFO community. Subsequently he  claimed that  during this period this emphasis)
 "three other  members  of the  UFO  community . . . were actively doing the
 same  thing.  I have  since  learned of a fourth. . . . All  four  are
 prominent individuals   whose   identities,  if  disclosed,   would   cause
 considerable  controversy in the UFO community and bring  serious embarrassment
  to two of its major organizations. To the best  of my  knowledge,  at least
 two of these people are  still  actively involved" (Moore, 1989b).
 
  Although  he would not reveal the identities of  the  government informants
 within  ufology,  Moore gave  the  names  of  several persons "who were the
 subject of intelligence community  interest between 1980 and 1984." They were:
 
  (1)  Len  Stringfield,  a ufologist known for  his  interest  in crashed-disc
  stories;  in  1980  he  had  been  set  up  by   a counterintelligence
 operative who gave him phony pictures of what purported to be humanoids in cold
 storage.
 
  (2) The late Pete Mazzola, whose knowledge of film footage  from a
 never-publicized  Florida UFO case was of  great  interest  to
 counterintelligence types. Moore was directed to urge Mazzola  to send the
 footage to ufologist Kal Korff (who knew nothing of  the scheme) for analysis;
 then Moore would make a copy and pass it on to  Doty. But Mazzola never got the
 film, despite  promises,  and the  incident came to nothing. "I was left with
 the  impression," Moore  wrote,  "that  the  file  had  been  intercepted  and
 the witnesses somehow persuaded to cease communication with Mazzola."
 
  (3)  Peter  Gersten,  legal counsel  for  Citizens  Against  UFO Secrecy
 (CAUS),  who had spearheaded  a  (largely  unsuccessful) legal suit against the
 NSA seeking UFO information.
 
  (4) Larry Fawcett, an official of CAUS and coauthor of a book on the cover-up,
 Clear Intent (1984).
 
  (5)  James  and  Coral Lorenzen, the  directors  of  the  Aerial Phenomena
 Research Organization (APRO) periodically "subjects  of on-again,  off  again
 interest . . .  mostly  passive  monitoring rather  than active meddling,"
 according to Moore.  Between  1980 and  1982 APRO employed a "cooperative"
 secretary who  passed  on confidential material to counterintelligence
 personnel.
 
  (6)  Larry  W. Bryant, who was battling without success  in  the courts  to
 have UFO secrets revealed. Moore said, "His name  came up often in discussions
 but I never had any direct involvement in whatever activities revolved around
 him."
 
  These revelations sent shock waves through the UFO community. In September
 CAUS devoted virtually all of an issue of its  magazine Just  Cause to a
 harshly critical review of  Moore's  activities. Barry  Greenwood  declared
 that the "outrageousness"  of  Moore's conduct "cannot be described. Moore, one
 of the major critics  of government  secrecy on UFOs, had covertly informed on
 people  who thought he was their friend and colleague. Knowing full well that
 the  government  people  with whom he  was  dealing  were  active
 disinformants,  Moore  pursued  a  relationship  with  them   and observed  the
  deterioration of Paul Bennewitz'[s]  physical  and mental  health.  . . .
 Moore reported the effects  of  the  false information  regularly to some of
 the very same people  who  were 'doing  it'  to Paul. And Moore boasted in his
 speech as  to  how effective it was" (Greenwood, 1989). Greenwood complained
 further about  Moore's  admission that on the disastrous Cover-up .  .  . Live
 show Falcon and Condor had said things that they knew  were untrue.  "In  the
 rare situation where two hours  of  prime  time television  are given over to a
 favorable presentation  of  UFOs, here we have a fair portion of the last hour
 wasted in presenting what  Moore admits to be false data. . . . Yet he saw fit
 to  go ahead and carry on a charade, making UFO research look ridiculous in
 the process. Remarks by Falcon and Condor about  the  aliens' lifestyle  and
 preference for Tibetan music and  strawberry  ice cream were laughable." So far
 as Greenwood and CAUS, skeptical of the MJ-12 briefing document from the first,
 were concerned, "July 1, 1989, may well be remembered in the history of UFO
 research as the day when the 'Majestic 12' story came crashing to Earth in  a
 heap of rubble. Cause of death: Suicide!"
 
  Nonetheless  it  seemed  unlikely that MJ-12,  EBEs,  and  other cover-up
 matters would pass away soon. The Dark Siders  appeared well  on their way to
 starting a new occult movement  in  America and   elsewhere.   Among  movie
 conservative   ufologists   many legitimate  questions about conceivably more
 substantive  matters remained  to  be  answered.  A  reinvestigation  of  the
 Roswell incident  by  Don Schmitt and Kevin D. Randle of  CUFOS  produced what
 appeared to be solid new evidence of a UFO crash and  cover up.  The  emergence
  of  Robert  Lazar,  who  even  a  mainstream journalist such as television
 reporter George Knapp concluded  is telling  the truth as he knows it possibly
 suggested a degree  of substance  to recurrent rumors about developments in
 Area 51  and S4.  Even  Moore's  critics were  puzzled  by  the  extraordinary
 interest  of  intelligence operatives in ufologists and  the  UFO phenomenon,
 going   back  in  time  long   before   Bennewitz's interception  of
 low-frequency signals at Kirtland and  ahead  to the present. Why go to all
 this trouble and expense, with so many persons  over  such a period of time, if
 there are  no  real  UFO secrets to protect?
 
 
  Moore  says  he is still working with the "birds,"  who  are  as active as
 ever. The birds tell him, he says, that  disinformation is  used  not  only
 against ufologists  but  even  against  those insiders like themselves who are
 privy to the cover-up. Those  in charge are "going to great lengths to mislead
 their own  people." At  one point the birds were told that there is no
 substance  to abduction reports, only to learn later, by accident, that a major
 high-level study had been done. "Even people with a need to  know didn't know
 about it," he says. "The abduction mess caused a  lot of  trouble.  There may
 have been an official  admission  of  the cover-up by now if the abductions had
 not come into prominence in the 1980s."
 
  As  for  the  stories  of  ongoing  contact  between  the   U.S. government
 and  extraterrestrial biological  entities,  he  says there is, in his
 observation, a "pretty good possibility,  better than three to one," that such
 a thing is happening. "But I  don't think  we  can communicate with them.
 Perhaps we  only  intercept their communications. Or maybe they communicate
 with us."
 
  He  thinks  he  has found MJ-12. "It's not in  a  place  anybody looked,"  he
 says. "Not an agency one would have  expected.  But when you think about it, it
 fits there" (Moore, 1990).
 
  Doty, now a New Mexico State Police officer, was decertified  as an  AFOSI
 agent on July 15, 1986, for "misconduct" related to  an incident  (not
 concerned with UFOs) that occurred while  he  was stationed  in West Germany.
 In August Doty requested a  discharge from  the  Air Force and was sent to New
 Jersey to  be  separated from  the  service.  But then, Doty  says,  the
 Senior  Enlisted Advisor for AFOSI made a trip to the Military Personnel Center
 at Randolph  AFB,  Texas,  and  asked that  Doty  be  reassigned  to Kirtland,
 where  his son lived. In September Col.  Richard  Law, Commander of AFOSI
 District 70, rescinded Doty's  decertification and  assigned  him to Kirtland
 as a  services  career  specialist (i.e.,  an  Air Force recruiter). When he
 left the Air  Force  in October  1988,  he  was  superintendent  of  the  1606
  Services Squadron.  Doty remains close to Moore and  uncommunicative  with
 nearly everyone else. All he will say is that one day a book will tell  his
 side  of  the story and  back  it  up  with  "Official Government Documents"
 (Doty, 1989).
 
 Sources:
 
  Berk, Lynn, and David Renzi. "Former CIA
 
 Pilot,  Others Say Aliens Are Among Us." Las Vegas Sun  (May  22, 1988).
 
  Cannon,  Martin. "Earth Versus the Flying Saucers:  THe  Amazing Story of John
 Lear." UFO Universe 9 (MarcH 1990): 8-12.
 
  Clark, Jerome. "Editorial: Flying Saucer Fascism." International UFO Reporter
 14, 4 (July/August 1989): 3, 22-23.
 
  Cooper,  Milton  William.  The Secret  Government:  The  Origin, Identity,
 and Purpose of MJ-12. Fullerton, CA: The  Author,  May 23, 1989.
 
  Doty, RicHard. Letter to Philip J. Klass (May 24, 1989).
 
  Emenegger,  Robert.  UFO's Past, Present and Future.  New  York: Ballantine
 Books, 1974.
 
  Friedman, Stanton T. "MJ-12: THe Evidence So Far." International UFO Reporter
 12, 5 (September/October 1987): 13-20.
 
  Govt.  -Alien Liaison? Top-Secret Documents. New Brunswick,  NJ: UFO
 Investigators League, D.d.
 
  Greenwood,   Barry.  "A  Majestic  Deception."  Just  Cause   20 (September
 1989): 1-14.
 
  Greenwood,  Barry.  "Notes on Peter Gersten's  Meeting  witH  SA RicHard Doty,
 1/83." Just Cause 16 (June 1988): 7.
 
  Hall,  RicHard  H. Letter to Walter H. Andrus,  Jr.  (MarcH  18, 1989).
 
  Hastings, Robert. The MJ-12 Affair: Facts, Questions,  Comments. Albuquerque:
 THe Author, March 1, 1989.
 
  Howe, Linda Moulton. An Alien Harvest: Further Evidence  Linking Animal
 Mutilations  and Human Abductions to  Alien  Life  Forms. Littleton, CO: Linda
 Moulton Howe Productions, 1989.
 
  Information  Originally Intended for Those in  the  Intelligence Community
 Who Have a "Need to Know" Clearance  Status.  Canadian U.F.O. Research Network:
 Toronto, n.d.
 
  Johnson,  George.  Architects of Fear: Conspiracy  Theories  and Paranoia  in
 American Politics. Los Angeles: Jeremy  P.  Tarcher, Inc., 1983.
 
  Maccabee,  Bruce,  ed.  Documents  and  Supporting   Information Related to
 Crashed Flying Saucers and Operation Majestic  Twelve. Mount Rainer, MD: Fund
 for UFO Research, 1987.
 
  Moore,  William  L.  "Crashed Saucers:  Evidence  in  Search  of Proof." In
 Walter H. Andrus, Jr., and Richard H. Hall, eds. MUFON 1985  UFO Symposium
 Proceedings, 130-79. Seguin, TX:  Mutual  UfO Network, Inc., 1985. Rept.:
 Burbank: The Author, 1985.
 
 
  Moore, William L. Interview with Jerome Clark (January 5, 1990).
 
  Moore,   William  L.  The  Roswell  Investigation:  Update   and Conclusions
 1981. Prescott, AZ: The Author, 1981. Rev. ed.:  The Roswell  Investigation:
 New Evidence in the Search for a  crashed UFO. Prescott, AZ: The Author, 1982.
 
  Moore,  William L. "UfOs and the U S Government, Part 1."  Focus 4, 4-5-6
 (June 30
  1989a): 1-18. '
 
  Moore, William L. "UfOs and the U S Government, part 11."  Focus 4, 7-8-9
 (September 30, 1989b): 1-3.
 
  Pratt,  Bob. "The Truth About the 'Ellsworth Case.'"  MUFON  UFO Journal 191
 (January 1984) 6-9. '
 
  Scully, Frank. Behind the Flying Saucers. New York: Henry  Holt, 1950,
 
  Scully,  Frank.  "What I've Learned Since  Writing  'Behind  the Flying
 Saucers.'" Pageant 6 (February 1951): 76-81.
 
  Steinman,  William  S., with Wendelle C. Stevens. UFO  Crash  at Aztec: A Well
 Kept Secret. Tucson, AZ: UFO Photo Archives, 1986.
 
  Stringfield, Leonard H. "Status Report on Alleged Alien  Cadaver Photos."
 MUFON UFO Journal 154 (December 1980): 11-16.
 
  Todd, Robert G. "MJ-12 Rebuttal." MUFON UFO Journal 261 (January 1990): 17-20.
 
 
 END
 FILE NAME: EBE.DOC
 

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