Sacred Texts  Africa 

The Rt. Hon. Leonard Percival Howell

The Promised Key

by G.G. Maragh
(The Rt. Hon. Leonard Percival Howell)


This is a proto-Rastafarian tract by Leonard Howell, a Jamaican preacher. Published around 1935, this is obviously an edited, much shorter, version of The Royal Parchment Scroll of Black Supremacy, without the stream-of-consciousness language, long opaque abbreviations, and repetition. Most significantly, the identities of 'King Alpha and Queen Omega' were transposed from Fitz Balintine Pettersburg and his wife as in the Royal Parchment Scroll, to Emperor Haile Selassie and Empress Menen Astaw. This was one of the key innovations of the Howellites, and is today an article of faith of Rastafarianism.

In 1933, Howell started to preach that the Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia (Ras Tafari) was the Messiah, that Black people were the chosen people, and would soon be repatriated to Ethiopia. He soon attracted the attention of the colonial authorities, and was arrested in December 1934 for sedition. In March of 1934 he was sentenced to two years imprisonment, during which he apparently wrote The Promised Key. After he was released in 1936, he published a newspaper called "The People's Voice". In 1954 his commune was raided and much literature, including copies of this book, were burned. Howell was found dead under suspicious circumstances in February 1981.


Title Page
The Mystery Country
The False Religion
The Promised Key
Ethopia's Kingdom
The Healing
Balm Yard
Royal Notice
How to Fast
Department
Government
Eternal Law Office
Eve the Mother of Evil
The Rapers
Ethiopian Question
The First and the Last
Matrimonial Affidavit
Black People Black People Arise and Shine
Forward to the King of Kings